1_UnderstandingtheNeedforQoS教程.pptVIP

? 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. QoS v2.2—1-* ? 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. QoS v2.2—1-* Understanding the Need for QoS Introducing QoS 常见的网络质量问题 Telephone Call: “I cannot understand you; your voice is breaking up.” Teleconferencing: “The picture is very jerky. Voice not synchronized.” Brokerage House: “I needed that information two hours ago. Where is it?” Call Center: “Please hold while my screen refreshes.” QOS:服务质量(quality of service) 为什么需要QOS： 1.网络的统计复用特点 异步时分复用使IP网络具有很大的灵活性，任何业务都按实际信息量来占用资源，使网络资源得到最大限度的利用 2.网络融和，各种通信流量都采用网络来传递 Before Converged Networks Traditional data traffic characteristics: Bursty data flow First-come, first-served access Mostly not time-sensitive – delays OK Brief outages are survivable After Converged Networks Converged traffic characteristics: Constant small-packet voice flow competes with bursty data flow Critical traffic must get priority Voice and video are time-sensitive Brief outages not acceptable Latency 150 ms* Jitter 30 ms* Loss 1%* 17-106 kbps guaranteed priority bandwidth per call 150 bps (+ Layer 2 overhead) guaranteed bandwidth for voice-control traffic per call *one-way requirements – – – QoS Traffic Requirements: Voice Latency ≤ 150 ms* Jitter ≤ 30 ms* Loss ≤ 1%* Minimum priority bandwidth guarantee required is: Video stream + 20% For example, a 384 kbps stream would require 460 kbps of priority bandwidth *one-way requirements QoS Requirements: Videoconferencing QoS Traffic Requirements: Data Different applications have different traffic characteristics. Different versions of the same application can have different traffic characteristics. Classify data into relative-priority model with no more than four to five classes: Mission-Critical Apps: Locally defined critical applications Transactional: Interactive traffic, preferred data service Best-Effort: Internet, e-mail, unspecified traffic Less-Than-Best-Effort (Scavenger): Napster, Kazaa, peer-to-peer applications Converged Net