分子生物学常用技术解析：.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Here is the coverage of the 400 marker set used by CIDR. Note every chromosome has markers, but it is somewhat uneven. Black represent GAPs in the human genome, where there is no sequence. * * * * * * * * Figure: 16-11a Caption: PCR amplification. In the polymerase chain reaction, the target DNA is denatured into single strands; each strand is then annealed to a short, complementary primer. The primers are synthetic oligonucleotides that are complementary to sequences flanking the region to be amplified. DNA polymerase and nucleotides extend the primers in the 3’ direction, using the single-stranded DNA as a template. The result is a double-stranded DNA molecule with the primers incorporated into the newly synthesized strand. In a second PCR cycle, the products of the first cycle are denatured into single strands, primers are added, and DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands. Repeated cycles can amplify the original DNA sequence by more than a millionfold. * Figure: 16-11b Caption: PCR amplification. In the polymerase chain reaction, the target DNA is denatured into single strands; each strand is then annealed to a short, complementary primer. The primers are synthetic oligonucleotides that are complementary to sequences flanking the region to be amplified. DNA polymerase and nucleotides extend the primers in the 3’ direction, using the single-stranded DNA as a template. The result is a double-stranded DNA molecule with the primers incorporated into the newly synthesized strand. In a second PCR cycle, the products of the first cycle are denatured into single strands, primers are added, and DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands. Repeated cycles can amplify the original DNA sequence by more than a millionfold. * Figure: 16-11c Caption: PCR amplification. In the polymerase chain reaction, the target DNA is denatured into single strands; each strand is then annealed to a short, complement