基于设施农业拖拉机收放线控制系统设计分析报告.docVIP

2015届本科生毕业论文（设计） 题 目： 基于设施农业拖拉机收放线控制系统设计 摘 要 伴随着我国人民生活水平的提高，对食品安全越发的重视，将得到长足的发展。 使用履带式柴油拖拉机，噪声大污染严重、成本高等缺点，使用清洁能源的履带式电动拖拉机，需电缆大棚中操作不便，存在很大的安全隐患，此设施农业拖拉机收放线控制系统。用超声波测距技术通过测距离测距离 关键字：设施农业；电动拖拉机  Abstract With the improvement of living standards, more and more attention to food safety, therefore agricultural facilities will be leaps and bounds. Agricultural greenhouse facilities used crawler diesel tractor, noise, pollution and high cost was replaced by the use of clean energy, electric crawler tractors, electric tractors required cables. But cable in greenhouses to maneuver, there is a big security risk, therefore, this study design facilities for agricultural tractors retractable wire control system. Initial and real-time measurement of the distance from the tractor and retractable cable mechanism the system uses ultrasonic distance measurement technology, from the initial value set in motion when, through real-time measurement of the distance tractor with retractable cable mechanism, so that state of motion comparing the results back to the tractor retractable line control system to control the retractable cable mechanism motion control can be achieved with retractable cable mechanism to change the speed and direction of tractor movement and change. Tests show that based on crawler electric tractors take-up control system can be used for facilities for agricultural tractors take-up control, movement to achieve effective range, on the basis of the effective motion control. Key words：  目录 1引言 - 1 - 1.1研究背景 - 1 - 1.2国内外研究现状 - 1 - 1.3提出问题 - 3 - 1.4研究内容 - 3 - 1.5本章小结 - 4 - 2.总体方案设计 - 5 - 2.1 方案论述 - 5 - 2.2 设计思路 - 6 - 2.3 设计方案 - 6 - 2.4 元器件选型 - 6 - 2.5 本章小结 - 8 - 3.系统模块超声波测距 - 9 - 3.1 测距原理 - 9 - 3.2 温度补偿 - 9 - 3.3硬件电路设计 - 10 - 3.3.1 Polaroid 600系列传感器 - 10 - 3.3.2Polaroid 6500系列超声波距离模块 - 10 - 3.3.3 AT89C51单片机 - 11 - 3.4系统软件设计 - 12 - 4．系统模块步进电机控制 - 13 - 4.1步进电动机 - 14 - 4.2 步进电机的特点 - 15 - 4.3步进驱动器 - 16 - 4.4 系统硬件结构 - 20 - 4.5 系统单元电路