基于单片机控制的循迹小车设计本科生毕业设计论文.docVIP

摘 要 本循迹小车采用现在较为流行的8位单片机作为系统大脑，以STC89C52单片机为控制核心。用其控制行进中的小车，以实现其既定的性能指标。充分分析我们的系统，其关键在于实现小车的自动控制，而在这一点上，单片机就显现出来它的优势控制简单、方便、快捷。40脚的DIP封装使它拥有32个完全IO(GPIO-通用输入输出)端口，通过这些端口加以信号输入电路，将各传感器的信号传至单片机分析处理，从而控制L293D电机驱动，控制小车。利用红外对管检测黑线，通过循迹模块里的红外对管是否寻到黑线产生的电平信号返回到单片机红外对管来实现循迹功能。单片机根据程序设计的要求做出相应的判断送给电机驱动模块。让小车来实现前进，左转，右转，停车等基本功能。集成红外线传感器即光电开关进行避障。整个系统的电路结构简单，可靠性能高。根据小车各部分功能，分析硬件电路，并调试电路。将调试成功的各个模块逐个地融合成整体，再进行软件编程调试，直至完成。 关键词：循迹小车 STC89C52单片机 红外对管 L293D电机驱动  Abstract This tracking car adopts the now popular 8-bit single chip microcomputer as the system of the brain, with the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer as the core. To control the traveling car with it, in order to realize the given performance index. Full analysis of our system, the key is to achieve the automatic control cars, but at this point, single-chip microcomputer control will show its advantage is simple, convenient and fast. 40 feet DIP package makes it has 32 completely IO (GPIO - general input/output port, signal input circuit, through these ports will transmit the signals to single chip microcomputer analysis of each sensor to control L293D motor drive and control the car. The use of infrared for detecting tube black line, through infrared tracking module for tube whether find level signal produced by the black thread returns to the SCM infrared tube to realize tracking function. SCM according to the requirement of the program design make the corresponding judgment for motor driver module. Let the car to achieve forward, turn left, turn right, the basic function such as parking. Integrated infrared sensor photoelectric switch for obstacle avoidance. The circuit of the whole system structure is simple, reliable performance is high. According to the function of car parts, analyze the hardware circuit, and debug the circuit. Debugging success of each module individually merged into a whole, and then software programming and debugging, until completion. KEY WORDS: STC89C52 dc motor infrared sensors