Lesson1Legalsystem法律英语资料.pptVIP

relief?in?the?form?of?specific?performance? 特殊履行的救济方式 the?injunction 禁令（临时或最终的采取或不采取某种行为的命令） the?development?of?so?called maxims?of?equity?law 形成所谓的衡平法座右铭 ?Special?characteristics?of?equity?law： However,??equitable?relief?regularly?will?lie?only when?the?common?law?relief?is inadequate.? 不过，只有当普通法救济不充分时，才适用衡平救济。 For?instance,?specific?performance?for?the?purchase?of?real?property will be?granted because common law?damages?are?deemed?to?be?inadequate?since they cannot compensate?the?buyer in?view?of?the uniqueness attributed to real?property.? 例如，对购买不动产提供特殊履行的救济，因为普通法的赔偿被认为不充分，由于不动产具有特殊性，普通法的赔偿无法补偿买方。 As?the?common?law,??equity?law?became?part?of?American?law either?through judicial acceptance 司法接受 or?through?express?statutory provision. 明确的成文法条款 ?Today,?both?legal?systems?have?been?merged??in??many?American?jurisdictions. 普通法衡平法 there?is?only?one?form?of?civil?suit in these jurisdictions?as?well?as in federal practice. 在美国司法管辖区和联邦实践中只有一套民事诉讼形式 美国纽约州立法机构于1848年通过了由戴维·菲尔德起草的《菲尔德民事程序法典》，稍后更成立了一个“法典化委员会”来“将纽约州的全部法律简化为成文的、系统化的法典”。 Only?few?States?continue?to?maintain?a separate?chancery?court. 独立大法官法庭 Reference to the historical development is important参考历史发展非常重要 It explains the origin and significance of many contemporary legal concepts the?division?of?title?in?the?law?of?property 财产法上的所有权分割 ?it?is?still?relevant?for?the?decision?of?such?questions Reference to the historical development is important参考历史发展非常重要 ?a? right?to?a?trial?by?jury陪审团的审判权 “ordinary”?common?law?relief?of?damages普通法规定的赔偿金救济 “extraordinary”?equity?remedy?of?specific?performance衡平法规定的特定履行救济 Case?law?describes?the?entire?body?of?judge?made?law?and?today?includes?common?law?and?equity?precedents.? “判例法”指所有的法官定法，目前既包括普通法，也包括衡平法先例。 ?In?imprecise?and confusing?usage the?terms common?law?and?case?law?are?often?used synonymously,?with?the?term?“common?law”?in this usage?connoting?judge-made law?in general as?contrasted?with?statutory?law.? 普通法与判例法混用，被用作同义词，是指“法官定法”。是与成文法相对的概念。 Case???law?：always