bViruses解读.pptVIP

Chapter 40b Antiviral Drugs 抗病毒药 Classification of Drugs Immunomodulators Targets for Non-HIV Chemotherapy 1. Herpes Viruses 疱疹1.1. Herpes Simplex 单纯疱疹 Aciclovir Against Herpes Simplex 单纯疱疹 1. 2. Ganciclovir 赛美维 Against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 细胞巨化病毒 3. Influenza Virus 流感病毒 3.1. Amantadine 三环癸胺 3.2. Neuraminidase Inhibitors:Oseltamivir 奥司他韦 and Zanamivir 扎那米伟 4. Ribavirin 三氮唑核苷 Respiratory Syncytial Virus 呼吸道合胞病毒 5. HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒 AIDS 爱滋病 Viruses and Retroviruses 逆转录酶病毒 Anti-HIV Drugs Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) 5.1. Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors:5.1.1. Nucleosides Analogs核苷酸反转录抑制剂 Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors:5.1.2. Non-Nucleosides 非核苷酸反转录酶抑制剂 5.2. Protease Inhibitors蛋白酶抑制剂 5.3. Anti-HIV Molecules in Development Some Unwanted Effectsof HIV Treatment * * reverse transcriptase inhibitors: nucleosides non-nucleosides ganciclovir against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) ribavirin respiratory syncytial virus protease inhibitors amantadine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 人类免疫缺陷病毒 neuramidinase inhibitors: oseltamivir, zanamivir influenza A 流感病毒A aciclovir against Herpes simplex herpes viruses 疱疹病毒 Main Drugs Viruses The immune reaction 免疫 of the organism to the viral infection can be buttressed by immunomodulators: Interferons 干扰素 are cytokines, or inter-cellular messengers produced by leukocytes 白细胞, which induce anti-viral enzymes. They are used against hepatitis 肝炎 B and C, and may also be useful against HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒, etc. Immunoglobulins 免疫血球素, or antibodies, are available against hepatitis 肝炎 B, chickenpox 水痘 (varicella), cytomegalovirus 细胞巨化病毒, rabies 狂犬病, etc. Vaccinations 接种疫苗 are available to prevent flu 流感, polio 脑灰质炎, rubella 风疹, measles 麻疹, mumps 腮腺炎, chickenpox 水痘, hepatitis 肝炎 A and B, etc. aciclovir 阿昔洛韦 amantadine 金刚烷胺 oseltamivir 奥帕膦酸钠 Infection by the herpes simplex virus causes blisters to appear on the skin or mucosa in the peri-oral or genital regions. The virus is contagious, and can lie dormant in nervous cells, travelin