非谓语用法比较总结.docVIP

非谓语总结 一.分词 1.表语 1.The window is broken. 2.I’m surprised to hear that. 3.This book is interesting. 4.He is swimming 总结:现在分词表示主语的性质或正在进行的动作 过去分词表示主语所处于的状态 2.定语 falling leaves------fallen leaves boiling water------boiled water 区别：现在分词表示正在进行的动作， 过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 总结: 动名词表示所修饰名词的用途=n+for+doing 现在分词表示所修饰名词的性质和正在进行 的动作 不定式放于所修饰名词后表示将进行的动作。=定语从句 过去分词表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态 1.a walking stick=a stick for walking 2.a falling leave=a leave which is falling 3.an interesting story=a story which is interesting 4.Is there anyone to go with me?=Is there anyone who will go with me? 5.a lost boy=a boy who has been lost 6.a respected teacher=a teacher who is respected 3、宾语补足语：其前的谓语动词多是感官动词和使让动词 1.He had his arm broken. 2.He heard the door locked. 3.He kept water running. 4,I see him playing the fire now. 总结: 1)感官动词后面 现在分词表示正在进行的动作 过去分词表示被动状态。 不定式表示已经完成的动作 1.I hear him singing in the next room. 2.I found him lost in the thought. 3.I see him cross the road and run. 2)使让动词后面 现在分词表示该动作持续一段时间 过去分词表示让别人做或被动动作 不定式表示将去做的动作。 1.Sorry to have kept you waiting a long time. 2.Please have your hair cut tomorrow. 3.Yesterday I had my bike stolen. 4.状语 1)时间状语 1.Walking along the street, he met his old friend. =When he was walking along the street,he met his old friend. 2.Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful. =When it is seen from hill,the city looks beautiful. 总结：1。分词等于when,while,after引起的时间状语从句 2。在分词前可以加when,while,after. 2) 原因状语 1.Living in the country,we had few amusements. =As we lived in the country,we had few amusements. 2. Born into a poor family,he had only two years of schooling =As he was born into a poor family,he had only two years of schooling. 总结：分词等于as,since,because引起的原因状语从句 3)条件状语 1.Knowing anything about it, I will tell you all. =If I know anything about it,I will tell you all. 2.Given more time,we are sure to finish it. =If we are given more time,we are sure to finish it. 总结：1、分词等于if引起的条件状语从句 2、有时可以在分词前加 if 4)让步状语 1.Buying a lot of books for the exam,he failed in it becaus