bronchialasthma支气管哮喘解读.ppt

Bronchial Asthma Department of Respiratory Medicine Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Outline Introduction Definition Etiology and Pathogenesis Pathology Clinical manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Disease management recommendations Asthma: introduction Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide Prevalence increasing in many countries, especially in children an increasing prevalence of asthma and incorrect treatment increase the mortality of asthma Total estimated cost of asthma was $ 6.2 billion/year in the world Asthma: introduction In a word, asthma is a global disease with increasing incidence, and it is an important cause of disability, death, and high economic cost. Increasing appreciation of asthma is very important. Asthma: definition(what is asthma?) a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways many cells and cellular elements play a role mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes this inflammation causes an associated airway hyperresponsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning . Asthma: definition These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. Asthma: definition A chronic inflammatory airway disease Airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR) Recurrent episodes of wheezing Reversible airflow obstruction Asthma: Etiology(What cause asthma?) Host factors Genetic predisposition Atopy Airway hyperresponsiveness Race/Ethnicity Asthma: Etiology Environmental factors (Factors that Exacerbate Asthma) Asthma: pathogenesis (How asthma happened?) Asthma: pathogenesis Asthma: pathogenesis Asthma: pathology Eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes Patchy necrosis of epithelium Sub-mucosal glandular hyperplasia Hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle Mucous plug Asthma Pathology Asthma: clinical manifestations Atopy