采动应力场-裂隙场演化及其瓦斯涌出特征研究精灵论文要点.doc

采动应力场-裂隙场演化及其瓦斯涌出特征 研究 李化敏，韦纯福 （河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院，河南焦作 454003） 摘要：分析了采动应力场-裂隙场与工作面瓦斯涌出关系,提出了煤岩的渗透性存在突变特征 应力（或应变）点的概念。认为来压时工作面顶板的突然加-卸载引起的煤岩渗透率突变是 造成瓦斯大量涌入工作面的主要原因，据此建立了来压期间支承压力、煤层透气性与瓦斯涌 出关系，绘制了关系图。揭示了老顶非断裂和断裂时刻煤体内加、卸载特征，提出了来压时 的瞬间加-卸载过程都对煤岩破裂扩展、瓦斯解析运移以及瓦斯涌出具有重要作用的观点。 关键词： 采矿工程；采动应力场；裂隙场；瓦斯涌出特征 中图分类号：TU 45 Research on Evolution of Mining Pressure Field and Fracture Field and Its Gas Emission Characteristics LI Huamin, Wei Chunfu (School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic university, JiaoZuo Henan 454003) Abstract: The author analyzed the relation between mining pressure field-fracture field and gas emission of working face, presented a concept that there is stress point (or strain point) among permeability of coal. The author believes that the mutation of coal permeability caused by the sudden loading or unloading of working face roof as periodic weighting occurs is the main reason that a lot of gas pour into the face. Based on the above concept, the relation was established among abutment pressure during periodic weighting, permeability of coal seam and gas emission, and relation graph was drawn; and then revealed the loading and unloading features of coal at the moment of fracture and non-fracture of main roof; finally presented that the process of sudden loading or unloading as periodic weighting occurs plays an important role in rupture propagation of coal, analytical movement of gas and gas emission. Key words: mining engineering; mining pressure field; fracture field;gas emission characteristics 0 引言 采煤工作面开采前煤体处于原始应力平衡状态，开采活动破坏了煤岩原始的应力平衡， 必然引起一定范围内煤岩体的变形、破坏，由于采动应力场随工作面推进不断发展和演化着， 而应力场的演化又带来与之对应的采动裂隙场的演化，可以说采动及其应力场的变化为采动 裂隙场形成和发展（演化）提供了必要条件, 而采动-应力场变化-裂隙场演化为采煤工作面 瓦斯解析-吸附和运移提供了条件和可能，使得工作面前方一定范围内的煤层节理裂隙增加， 瓦斯解析速度加快，透气性增大，瓦斯涌出速度加快[1-4]。研究表明[5-11]，若孔隙率提高 50%，瓦斯的透气性平均可提高2～3倍，最高可达到一个数量级；同时，煤体暴露表面透气 性提高几个数量级，如库兹涅茨克矿岩样特征和试验方法区某煤层自然透气性k 为 9.6×10-19 m2，暴露表面煤层透气性为9.3×10-16 m2，提高了近1000倍。基于对应力-裂隙 基金项目：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（200700460001