英语必修一 复习3 Unit3.pptVIP

1.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较： Have you got anything to send？ 你有什么东西要寄吗？(不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”) Have you got anything to be sent？ 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗？(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”) 2.不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。 Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon？ (A knife cuts the watermelon.) 3.在“be＋性质形容词十不定式”结构中，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。常见的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，good，fit，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等。 This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难懂。t 4.在with＋ 宾语＋to do(宾补)结构中，to do常用主动形式表示被动含义。 With a lot of problems to settle， she looks a little anxious. 5. 在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的事情本身必须被完成，则用被动形式。 There is a lot of work to do. (Someone has to do the work.) There is a lot of work to be done. (The work has to be done.) 表3.独立主格结构 独立主格结构，就是分词有其自己的独立主语，可以不与句子的主语保持一致。独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，所以在语法上不是句子。此结构在句子中起原因、方式、时间、条件、伴随等状语从句的作用。独立主格结构应与句子的主体部分分隔开来。其功能和用法见下表： 表现形式 意义 典句例示 名词/ 代词 ＋ 现在分词/过去分词 现在分词表主动和进行，过去分词表被动和完成 Spring coming on， the country is very green. The book written in simple English， English beginners are able to read it. 不定式 表将来，计划安排要做的事 His mother to come tonight， he is busy preparing the dinner. 形容词/副词 表明名词或代词所处的状态 He stood there， his mouth wide open. School over， we all went home. 介词 短语 表位置 He is standing in front of the blackboard，his back towards us. 表现形式 意义 典句例示 with ＋ 名词/ 代词 ＋ 现在 分词 表主动、进行 The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him. 过去 分词 表被动、完成 With his homework done，Peter went out to play. 不定式 表将来 I cant go out to play with so much homework to do. 形容词 表状态 He doesnt like to sleep with the windows open. 副词 表状态 Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on. 介词 短语 表位置 He stood at the door，with a computer in his hand. 课时知能训练 本小节结束 请按ESC键返回 【即时应用】 介词填空 (1)The only thing the middle-aged woman cares 　　　　 is money，so she doesnt care 　　　　 such things. (2)Your uncle seems to be expert at caring 　　　　 pandas. 【答案】　(1)about；for　(2)for 3.make up