高一英语Travel journal单元测试题3.docVIP

Unit 3 Travel Journal (Grammar) ——将来时的六种表达法 will/ shall do (will可用于第一、二、三人称，shall只用于第一人称)(1) 这种将来意义常常夹杂着情态意义，即带有说话人的主观态度和看法。e.g. You will fail the test if you don’t work hard.(2) 有时既表示将来，也含有“意愿”或“意图”。e.g. I will meet you at 6 o’clock.(3) 在疑问句中will/ shall还可用来征询听话人的“意图”。e.g. Will you be at home at seven this evening? --- Will you marry me? --- Yes, I will. be going to do(1) 表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事。e.g. I’m going to play basketball after school. They are going to marry next month. I’m going to be a doctor.(2) 表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明要发生某种情况。e.g. The sky is so dark. It’s going to rain.△ will/ shall do和be going to do(1) 两者都可表示“意图”，有时两者可以互换使用。e.g. I won’t tell him about it. = I’m not going to tell him about it.(2) 表示“意图”时，be going to do表示的“意图”通常是事先经过考虑的， 而will/ shall do所表示的“意图”则是说话时临时想到的，因此在某些特 定的语境中，两者不可互换使用。e.g. --- I’m going to play basketball after school. --- Really? I will go with you. be doing这一结构的主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等，也可用于其它动态动词。e.g. The plane is taking off at 5:30. How are you going there ------ by air or by train?△ be going to do和be doing(1) be going to do和be doing都可表示决定要做某事，两者在某些语境中可以 互换使用。e.g. We are having fish for supper. = We are going to have fish for supper. We are leaving soon. = We are going to leave soon. 1 I’m taking my students to the park on next Sunday. = I’m going to take my students to the park on next Sunday.(2) 如果动词为come或go，在表示将来时，常用be doing结构。e.g. We’re going to Shanghai next week. (to是介词) be to do(1) 表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方 的计划或决定。e.g. The Queen is to visit Vietnam next month.(2) 表示命令、禁止（否定式）等。e.g. Since you’ve done something wrong, you are to stand here. If you are late, you are to stand outside the door. Tell her that she is not to be back late.△ be doing和be to do都可以表示按计划、安排将要发生的事态，两者常常 可互换，但be to do较常用于正式语体。 be about to do刚要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的将来，不与表将来的时间副词连用。