儿科学绪论祥解.ppt

Field of Pediatrics Field of Pediatrics Pediatrics Fetal period (LMP-birth) Newborn periodbirth-28d Preschool age period3y-6y or 7y School age period6y or7y—12y or 13y * * Introduction of Pediatrics Xiumei Liu, Ph. D Department of Pediatrics Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Fetus-------Adolescence To improve quality of healthcare, prevention and treatment of diseases To decreace morbidity and mortality Subjects Tasks Goal To optimize children’s physical, cognitive,and socioemotional development. Growth and development Prevention of disease Management of Disease Perinatology Neonatology Adolescent Medicine Developmental Pediatrics Preventive Pediatrics Clinical Pediatrics Characteristics of Pediatrics Basic Medicine 第 * 页 variants Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Nutrition Metabolism immature greater requirements relative higher Characteristics of Pediatrics Clinical Medicine 第 * 页 Congenital Infection Diseases Clinical manifestations Treatment Prognosis Rapid Changeable Non-specific Combined Complex Better Age period of Child 第 * 页 Newborn Infancy Toddler P Fetus 胎儿期 幼儿期 学龄期 婴儿期 新生儿期. 学龄前期 青春期 Preschool School age Adolescence 1st trimester 2nd trimester 3rd trimester Rapid growth elaboration of function Embryonic:12w, differentiate Fetus:13-28w Fetus:29-40w Survive depending on mother Dead fetus, abortion,preterm, IUGR Survive independently Regulation and adaptability:non fully developed High morbidity and mortality Hypothermia,asphyxia,braininjury,infection,jaundice,prematurity,congenital abnormality 1 2 3 4 Most rapid growth 1 2 3 4 5 Greater requirement of nutrition Weak digestion Weak immune function Dyspepsia, malnutrition, infection Infant period (1y) Stable physical growth 1 2 3 4 5 Rapid cognitive development Food changes Wide activity Accident, poisoning,communicable disease Toddler age period (1y-3y) Cognition and social-emotional functions develop perfectly:curiosity, questionning ,mimicking Accident, communicable disease,autoimmunity 1 2 P