车室内部声场的声-振耦合分析.pdfVIP

2007 年第九届全国振动理论及应用学术会议论文集 杭州,2007.10.17-19 车室内部声场的声—振耦合分析 左言言 张焱 刘海波 （江苏大学振动噪声研究所江苏 镇江 212013 ） 摘 要：本文首先建立了汽车车身结构的有限元模型，对车身进行了有限元计算模态分析；然后建立了 车室空腔声场的声学有限元模型，利用结构及声场动态分析技术，计算出车室空腔声场的声学模态，对该 车身结构的动态特性、车室空腔声场的声学特征进行了研究。在此基础上，分析了声—振耦合系统在发动 机激励下的声学响应，为控制车内的低频噪声指明了方向。 关键词：声场；有限元分析；模态分析；声学响应 Sound-vibration Coupling Analysis on the Interior Sound Field of Vehicle Cabin ZUO Yan-yan ，Zhang Yan ，Liu Hai-bo （Institute of Noise and Vibration, Jiangsu University, China 212013 ） Abstract: The finite element model was established of a vehicle body at first, and the computed modal analysis was conducted. Then the acoustical finite element model of the vehicle cabin cavity was also established, and its acoustical modal was computed with dynamical analysis techniques on structure and acoustics. The dynamic characteristics of the vehicle structure and the acoustic features of the vehicle cabin cavity were studied here at same time. Based on the analysis above, acoustical response analysis of the sound –vibration coupling system of the cabin cavity was carried out, the results could be valuable for the low frequency noise control of the vehicle interior sound field. Key words: sound field; finite element analysis; modal analysis; acoustical response 1 有限空间声－振耦合基本理论 在充满介质的有限空间中，有一振动物体向周围辐射噪声，由牛顿定律可知，周围介质 也对这一物体也产生反作用，这种相互作用的综合影响称为耦合作用。其数学形式可表述为: 假设体积为 V 的任意形状空间，包围该空间的结构总面积为 A ，其中弹性、吸收、刚性表面 分别为A 、A 、A ，根据波动理论，该空间内的声压波动方程和边界条件分别为[1，2]: r α s 2 2 1 ∂ p ∇ p − 2 2 0 (1)