基于生态位适宜度的农村居民点布局研究——以武汉市新洲区为例.pdfVIP

基于生态位适宜度的农村居民点布局研究 ——以武汉市新洲区为例 张俊峰，程龙，赵微，张安录 （华中农业大学土地管理学院，湖北武汉 430070 ） 摘要：农村居民点作为农村人口生产、生活等综合功能的承载体，研究其内部结构、空间布局对改善农村生产生活水 平，保护耕地，缓解建设用地压力，推进社会主义新农村建设进程具有重要作用。本研究在 MAPGIS 的支持下，利用 数理统计法探究新洲区农村居民点布局结构、特征规律以及存在问题，并依此构建了新洲区农村居民点生态位适宜度 模型，将新洲区划分为高度适宜区、中度适宜区、低度适宜区和不适宜区四个等级，在此基础上实现了新洲区农村居 民点优化布局。结果表明：农村居民点优化布局可采取先分区后布局的规划思路；生态位适宜度模型能很好地实现农 村居民点的分区，结合规划思想和工具，可以作为农村居民点规划布局的有效手段。 关键词：农村居民点；优化布局；生态位适宜度；新洲区 Research on Rural Settlements Distribution Based on Niche-fitness Model ：A Case Study of Xinzhou District in Wuhan ZHANG Jun-feng ，CHENG-long，ZHAO Wei ，ZHANG An-lu （Land Management College ，Huazhong Agricultural University ，Wuhan 430070 ，China ） Abstract ：Rural settlement is regarded a carrier of comprehensive function as the production and living for rural.It plays an important role in improving of the rural production living standard, protecting the cultivated land, easing the pressure on construction land and driving the the construction of new socialistic countries to study its internal structure and spatial distribution.In this paper,the research object is Xinzhou District of Wuhan City. Methods of niche fitness model and mapgis6.7 including the technology of spatial analysis and graphic processing are employed in the paper.In addition,methods of hierarchical cluster and mathematical statistical analysis are also used in the research.Methods of the technology of spatial analysis and mathematical statistical analysis are employed to analyze the distribution characteristics and problems of rural settlements in Xinzhou District. Furthermore,the paper extracts the impact factors of rural settlement distribution on the basis of analysis of factors of rural settlement