经济型数控车床CKJ6163的纵向、横向伺服进给机构的设计和计算 毕业设计.docxVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 河北工程大学毕业设计  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 摘 要 随着社会生产和科学技术的发展，机械产品日趋精密复杂，普通车床已不能适应这些要求，要想提高精度，保证生产质量，减轻劳动强度，提高经济效益，其最有效的、最基本的途径就是普及应用经济型数控机床。 由普通车床CW6163改造为经济型数控车床CKJ6163，采用8031芯片为主构成开环控制系统，其进给系统是步进电机通过消隙齿轮箱，带动滚珠丝杠转动，从而实现工作台沿机床导轨的水平移动。其纵向进给机构的改造：拆去原机床的溜板箱、光杠与丝杠以及安装座，配上滚珠丝杠及相应的安装装置，纵向驱动的步进电机及减速箱安装在车床的床尾，不占据丝杠空间。横向进给机构的改造：拆除横向丝杠换上滚珠丝杠，由步进电机带动。 机床数控化改造可以加工出传统机床加工不出来的曲线、曲面等复杂的零件，可以实现加工的柔性自动化，提高加工零件的精度，实现多工序的集中，减少零件在机床间的频繁搬运。 经济型数控机床在设计上要达到高静动态刚度、运动副之间的摩擦系数小、传动无间隙、功率大、便于操作和维修等要求。 关键词：车床改造 数控化 进给系统 滚珠丝杠 步进电机  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II ABSTRACT With the development of social production and science and technology, machinery products have become increasingly sophisticated, and the ordinary lathe can not meet these requirements.In order to improve the accuracy to ensure the quality of production , reduce labor intensity and improve economic efficiency, the most effective and basic way is to popularity Applied Economic CNC machine tools. By ordinary CW6163 lathe modification for the economical NC lathe CKJ6163 using 8031 chip,it is given priority to constitute the open loop control system.Through rotation of the lead screw, which is driven by a gear box, the working table moves along the NC machine’s lead rail in parallel.The reformation of the vertical mechanism is as follows: we demolish the current smooth leading, leading screw and installing stand,then place the ball leaking to the relevant position. The reformation of the horizontal mechanism is as follows : we use the horizontal ball leading screw instead of the conventional screw. And the stepper motor drives the screw. Numerical Control lathe have following outstanding superiority than traditional lathe:It can process out complicated parts, such as the curve, curved surface and so on, which can not come out in traditional machine tooling. It can also realize automation and flexible automation, processing precision of part high .Besides, it can realize the concentration of many processes,redu