自噬在抗感染免疫中的作用重点分析.docx

自噬在抗感染免疫中的研究进展 姓名：李淼 学号 班级：博士一班 联系方式【摘要】在饥饿和环境压力的作用下，细胞自噬会形成胞质内自噬体，与溶酶体融合后降解小泡的内容物。许多研究已经发现，细胞自噬能够有效清除病原体。自噬在抗感染免疫中与许多信号通路有相关，同时参与调控细胞诸多生理现象如增殖分化、凋亡，表现在自噬在固有免疫和适应性免疫中发挥不同作用。本综述重点讨论了自噬的发生机制与抗感染相关分子，包括模式识别受体与人类IRGM，同时简述了自噬在适应性免疫中的作用。自噬作为新兴的研究方向，发展迅猛，然而还有许多分子机制尚未了解，亟待研究者们深入探究 【关键词】自噬；抗感染；IRGM；模式识别受体 The Role of Autophagy in Host Defense against Infection [Abstract]Autophagy is a vital homeostatic process triggered by starvation and other cellular stresses, in which cytoplasmatic cargo is targeted for degradation in specialized structures termed autophagosomes. Many surveys have revealed that autophagy is involved in clearance of intracellular and extracellular pathogens. Autophagy has been identified to paticipate in many cellular signal pathways, including proliferation, differentiation, to play different role in innate immune and adaptive immune. This review focus on the process and mechanism of autophagy, together with some vital molecular in defensing infection. Whereas, there are still some misery of autophagy needed to explored deeply . [key word]autophagy, defense infection, IRGM, PRR 引言 自噬是一种高度保守的细胞降解过程，其将部分胞浆和细胞器隔离在双层膜的自噬体中，再由液泡或溶酶体进行分解。在很长的一段时间，自噬被认为是细胞对于营养缺乏的反应，属于细胞程序性死亡的一种。然而后来利用自噬基因敲除技术发现，除非是直接引起了凋亡信号，自噬大部分结果是使细胞“存活” ADDIN EN.CITE EndNoteCiteAuthorLevine/AuthorYear2005/YearRecNum1099/RecNumDisplayTextstyle face=superscript[1]/style/DisplayTextrecordrec-number1099/rec-numberforeign-keyskey app=EN db-id=vfesvze01wrssues9da5x0st9rdrztsv0spe1099/key/foreign-keysref-type name=Journal Article17/ref-typecontributorsauthorsauthorLevine, B./authorauthorYuan, J./author/authors/contributorsauth-addressDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9113, USA. beth.levin@/auth-addresstitlestitleAutophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?/titlesecondary-titleJ Clin Invest/secondary-titlealt-titleThe Journal of clinical investigation/alt-title