球墨铸铁热处理及应用-毕业论文.docVIP

摘 要 本文以铸铁的热处理为研究对象，为了提高铸铁的耐磨性和切削加工性,对实验用的铸铁材料采用不同的热处理工艺,重点研究铸铁在去除内应力退火、淬火、等温淬火、正火等过程中的组织变化情况。本课题研究球墨铸铁在不同的温度下进行各种热处理实验并在不同的介质中进行冷却，通过金相组织观察和做硬度测试，得出在不同的加热温度下所的组织会有所不同，其组织晶粒大小有所差异，力学性能也有所差异。通过实验可得出球墨铸铁在750℃低温退火可得到铁素体基体的球墨铸铁，其塑性、韧性大大提高；880℃高温正火增加了基体中珠光体的数量，提高了其强度和耐磨性。对球墨铸铁880℃进行等温淬火可提高综合力学性能。 关键词：球墨铸铁；热处理；退火；淬火；耐磨性；应用 Abstract Based on the heat treatment of cast iron as the research object, in order to improve the wear resistance of cast iron and cutting workability, for cast iron material used in the experiment with different heat treatment process, focuses on cast iron in removing internal stress annealing, the high temperature graphitizing annealing, hardening, etc. In the process of organizational change. This topic research nodular cast iron in various heat treatment experiments under different temperatures and different cooling medium,by observation of microstructure and hardness tests, it is concluded that under the different heating temperature of the organization will be different,its grain size, mechanical properties are also different. Can be obtained through the experiment nodular cast iron available at 750 ℃ low temperature annealing ferritic matrix of nodular cast iron,its plasticity and toughness is greatly increased; 880 ℃ high temperature normalizing to increase the quantity of pearlite in the matrix, improve its strength and abrasion resistance.Of ductile cast iron is 880 ℃ isothermal quenching can improve the comprehensive mechanical properties. key words：nodular cast iron; Heat treatment; Annealing; Quenching; Wear resistance; application  目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 概述 1 1.1 铸铁的简介 1 1.2 铸铁的组织性能特点及应用 1 1.2.1 概述 1 1.2.2 石墨化过程 2 1.2.3 影响石墨化的主要因素 2 1.2.4 球墨铸铁的成分、组织和性能 3 1.2.5 球化处理 4 2 金属热处理工艺简介 4 3 球墨铸铁的热处理工艺 5 3.1 消除内应力的退火 5 3.2 改善切削加工性的退火 6 3.3 铸铁的表面淬火 6 3.4 其它热处理工艺 7 3.4.1 铸铁的正火 7 3.4.2 铸铁的调质处理 7 3.4.3 铸铁的等温淬火 7 3.4.4 化学热处理 8 4 球墨铸铁的热处理实验 8 4.1 实验目的 8 4.2 实验步骤 8 4.3 实验结果与分析 9 5 结论 12 参考文献 13 致 谢 15