实习护生应对方式与自我效能的相关性研究 毕业论文.doc

本科毕业论文 题 目： 姓 名： 系： 专 业： 年 级： 学 号： 指导教师（校内）： 职称： 指导教师（校外）： 职称： 年 月 日 A study on relativity between self - efficacy and coping styles of nursing students during clinical practice 【Abstract】 Objective：To probe into the relativity between self - efficacy andoping styles of nursing students during clinical practice.Methods:A total of 212 nursing students in a hospital of Xiamen were investigated and analyzed by filling out general self - efficacy scale (GSES) and simple coping style scale. Results: There were positive correlation between self - efficacy feeling and coping styles of nursing students Adopted during clinical practice ( r =0. 354, P0. 01).The GSES scoring of nursing students is lower than normal(p0.01).There is no difference between nursing students and normal people in the scores of active coping style(p0.05),while the scores of negative part is higher than normal(p0.05). Conclusion: Self-efficacy of nursing students in clinical practice is low . Nursing educators should help nursing students adopt active coping style and pay attention to enhancing the general self - efficacy feeling of students so as to relieve the pressure of students during clinical practice and enhance the quality of clinical practice for nursing students. 【Key wordsNursing students；Self-efficiency；Coping style 文献综述 应对方式(coping style)是个体面临压力时为减轻其负面影响而做出的认知和行为的努力过程[1]。应对方式是压力和身心健康的重要中介因素,也是影响大学生心理健康的一个重要因素[2]。良好的应对方式能够缓解精神紧张,帮助个体最终成功地解决问题,从而起到维护心理平衡、保护身心健康的作用[3]。积极的应对方式与压力呈显著负相关，并且有助于帮助护生减轻沮丧感[4]。杨永丽等的研究显示护理本科生一般采取较积极的应对方式[5]。一般自我效能感(general self - efficacy)是指个体应对各种不同环境的挑战或面对新事物时的一种总体性的自信心[6]。护理实习生的自我效能感不仅直接影响护生的学习信心和临床实习效果[7]，还对护生的操作技能有影响[8]。黄营英等的研究显示护理本科生自我效能感处于较低水平[9]。自我效能感和应对方式对心理健康都有显著影响[10]。目前对于护理本科生的应对方式调查[11-12]、自我效能感的调查[13]研究较多，也有关于护理本科生实习期间自我效能与应对方式的相关性研究[14]，但临床实习是护生整个教育过程的重要组成部分,是角色转变的过渡阶段，而且目前医院中本科护生所占比重相对较少，关于护理实习生（包括本科、大专和中专）应对方式与自我效能的关系研究较少。 本文采用简易应对方式量表和一般自我效能感量表(general self - efficacy scale,GSES)。简易应对方式量表由解亚宁编制,共有20个项目,采用4级计分方式,分为积极应