语法填空专题训练--谓语和非谓语动词.pptVIP

一、定义 非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的 动词。 二、内容 非谓语动词包括三种：doing, done, to do 三、形式（见下表） 四、功能（见下表） (3)在make, let, have等使役动词和feel, smell, hear, see, watch等感官动词后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。 make sb do sth Sb be made to do sth (4)在with的宾语后，若用-ed形式，表示宾语与-ed形式在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成；若用-ing形式，表示宾语与-ing形式在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作持续进行。 (5)get sb to do sth. =have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); get/have…doing 使……处于某一状态中(主动、持续); get…done=have sth. Done 请人做/遭受(被动); (6) make oneself 后常用understood, heard, seen, known等作宾补，表示让别人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到/让自己被别人看到/让自己被别人认识。 Exercise: With the problem ________(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man (sit) at the front. The lecture hall is so crowded that he has to speak loudly to make himself ________ (hear). —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work ________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. solved sitting heard filling 考点5：作状语 (1)分词短语作状语，表示时间，原因，让步，条件，伴随情况，结果等。其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，非谓语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用-ing形式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系，用-ed形式。 (2)不定式作状语， 常做目的状语居多，可放句首或句末。 放在句末做原因状语，且不用逗号，多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词(如glad, sorry, surprised, frightened, delighted)之后。 作结果状语，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的，前面常加only；也还用于too…to, enough to, so/such…as to等固定结构中。 (3) 在“连词(如when, while, if, though等)+分词”结构中，当分词与主句主语是主动关系时用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。 Exercise： For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ________ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ (buy) presents for my dad. We were astonished ________(find) the temple still in its original condition. ________________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. to help to buy to find Approaching 考点6：作定语 (1)动词不定式作定语：常放在所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，多用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有……要……”；或修饰“the+序数词”。 have …to do with… to do the first\second … to do