标准C中预定义宏.docxVIP

[转载]c/c++标准预定义宏 2009-08-22 14:40  HYPERLINK /blog/link2url.php?link=http%3A%2F%2F%2Fsevencat%2Farchive%2F2004%2F06%2F10%2F14872.html /sevencat/archive/2004/06/10/14872.html 一、标准预定义宏The standard predefined macros are specified by the relevant language standards, so they are available with all compilers that implement those standards. Older compilers may not provide all of them. Their names all start with double underscores. __FILE__This macro expands to the name of the current input file, in the form of a C string constant. This is the path by which the preprocessor opened the file, not the short name specified in #include or as the input file name argument. For example, /usr/local/include/myheader.h is a possible expansion of this macro. __LINE__This macro expands to the current input line number, in the form of a decimal integer constant. While we call it a predefined macro, its a pretty strange macro, since its definition changes with each new line of source code.__FILE__ and __LINE__ are useful in generating an error message to report an inconsistency detected by the program; the message can state the source line at which the inconsistency was detected. For example, ???? fprintf (stderr, Internal error: ????????????????????? negative string length ????????????????????? %d at %s, line %d.,????????????? length, __FILE__, __LINE__);????An #include directive changes the expansions of __FILE__ and __LINE__ to correspond to the included file. At the end of that file, when processing resumes on the input file that contained the #include directive, the expansions of __FILE__ and __LINE__ revert to the values they had before the #include (but __LINE__ is then incremented by one as processing moves to the line after the #include). A #line directive changes __LINE__, and may change __FILE__ as well. See Line Control. C99 introduces __func__, and GCC has provided __FUNCTION__ for a long time. Both of these are strings containing the name of the current function (