数字钟基于单片机汇编语言设计精要.docVIP

《51单片机数字时钟》 课程设计报告 专 业：电气工程及自动化 班 级：13电气四 姓 名： 黄海伦 指导教师： 周永宁 宁波职业技术学院 二〇一五年十二月二十八日 目 录 前言··················································Ⅲ 摘要··················································Ⅳ 一、单片机数字时钟设计的概述···························1 1.1设计目的············································1 1.2题目描述············································1 1.3单片机基础知识······································1 1.4 MCS-51单片机介绍及分类·····························3 1.5数字钟基本原理······································3 二、单片机数字时钟的硬件系统···························4 2.1单片机最小系统的电路原理····························4 2.2 MCS-51单片机AT89C51芯片介绍·······················5 2.2.1 AT89C51芯片引脚功能介绍······················5 2.2.2 AT89C51芯片的内存结构························6 2.2.3复位电路······································8 2.2.4时钟震荡电路··································9 2.3七段数码管的引脚图及使用···························10 2.4 驱动器74LS245芯片·································11 三、单片机数字时钟的程序设计···························12 3.1系统开发环境、C语言······························12 3.1.1系统开发环境·································12 3.1.2 C语言·····································12 3.2数字时钟设计的思路及流程···························14 3.2.1主程序·······································14 3.2.2定时中断（走时）子程序流程···················15 3.2.3按键调试子程序·······························16 3.3定时器、计数器功能·································16 3.4中断系统功能·······································18 四、数字时钟系统的仿真及运行··························19 4.1 WAVE6000仿真软件介绍······························19 4.2 数字时钟源程序·································24 五、心得体会··········································28 前 言 随着生活水平的提高，人们越来越追求人性化的事物，传统的时钟已不能满足人们的需求。现代的数字钟不仅需要数字电路技术而且需要模拟电路技术和单片机技术，增加了数字钟的功能。其电路可以由实时时钟模块、环境温度检测模块、人机接口模块、报警模块等部分组成。利用软件编程尽量做到硬件电路简单稳定，减小电磁干扰和其他环境干扰，充分发挥软件编程的优点，减小因元器件精度不够引起的误差，但是数字钟还是可以改进和提高如选用更精密的元器件。但与机械式时钟相比已经具有更高的准确性和直观性，且无机械装置，具有更长的使用寿命，因此得到了广泛的使用。 数字钟是采用数字电路实现对、时、分、秒，数字显示的计时装置，广泛用于个人家庭，车站， 码头办公室等公共场所，成为人们日常生活中不可少的必需品，由于数字集成电路的发展和石英晶体振荡器的广泛应用，使得数字钟的精度，远远超过老式钟表， 钟表的数字化给