浊点萃取—κ矩阵分光光度法同时测定水中孔雀石绿和结晶紫 毕业论文.doc

浊点萃取—κ矩阵分光光度法测定水中孔雀石绿和结晶紫摘要本文提出了浊点萃取矩阵分光光度法同时测定水样中孔雀石绿和结晶紫的新方法研究了非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114浊点萃取的条件，如pH、试剂用量、平衡时间等。孔雀石绿和结晶紫的最大吸收波长分别为624nm和579nm，标准曲线的线性范围ng·mL?1和135-1500ng·mL?1，检测限是35ng·mL?1和40ng·mL?1。孔雀石绿和结晶紫的浓度在500ng·mL?1和1000 ng·mL?1时的相对标准偏差分别为8.6%和6.1%，8.4%和10.5%(n=8)。该方法应用于测定水中量孔雀石绿和结晶紫。【关键字】浊点萃取；κ矩阵；孔雀石绿；结晶紫；Determination of Malachite Green and Crystal Violet by Spectrophotometry after Cloud Point Extraction Using κ-matrix Abstract：A new method for the simultaneous determination of trace amount of malachite green and crystal violet from aqueous solution by spectrophotometry after cloud point extraction using κ-matrix has been proposed. The optimum extraction and reaction conditions, such as pH, reagents concentration and effect of time and temperature and so on, have been studied with the nonionic surfactant Triton X-114. The maximum wavelength of absorption of malachite green and crystal violet is 624 nm and 579 nm. Linearity was obeyed in the range of 118-1500ng mL-1and 135-1500 ng mL-1 with limit of detection of 35ng mL?1 and 40ng mL?1, respectively. The relative standard deviation(R.S.D) for the simultaneous determination of 8 test samples for 500 and 1000 ng mL?1 of malachite green and crystal violet was 8.6% and 6.1%, 8.4% and 10.5%, respectively. The method was applied to the simultaneous determination of malachite green and crystal violet in pool water samples with satisfactory results. Key words: Cloud-point extraction ; κ-matrix; malachite green；crystal violet; spectrophotometry 1　前言 美国、日本以及英国等许多国家已禁止用于水产养殖业。中华人民共和国农业行业标准无公害食品渔用药物使用准则(NY5071-2002)中已将孔雀石绿列为禁用药物。由于孔雀石绿在水产养殖中抗菌效果较好，价格低廉，宣传力度不够等原因，使得不少业户还在小范围使用因此对于孔雀石绿的监控就显得格外重要。近几年我国因药物残留出口的动物源性食品屡遭禁运。欧盟派到中国的专家组，曾多次强烈要求中国政府对孔雀石绿残留进行监控。目前，孔雀石绿和结晶紫的检测方法主要是高效液相色谱法[]和高效液相色谱-质谱法[]。这些方法灵敏、准确，但仪器设备要求高，操作难度大，在全国范围内推广使用有一定困难。因此，研究灵敏度高、选择性好、仪器设备要求低、操作简便的孔雀石绿和结晶紫检测新方法具有十分重要的现实意义。 孔雀石绿结晶紫malachite green，MG为金属光泽的结晶体，是药用染料中抗菌效力较强的一类，属于三苯甲烷类染料。结晶紫(crystal violet，CV) 龙胆紫氯化甲基玫瑰苯胺甲紫、碱性青莲等，和孔雀石绿同属于碱性染料。结晶紫407.98，其结构式为： 结晶紫在细胞学、