尊君与重民——王船山政治哲学略论 本科毕业论文.docVIP

尊君与重民——王船山政治哲学略论 摘 要 在王船山先生用毕生精力建立起来的宏大思想体系中，其政治哲学思想占有十分重要的地位，他以“尊君”、“重民”为核心，对君、臣、民三大社会主体的关系进行了重新认识，打破了传统的君民观，建立了自己独特的政治哲学框架。对“尊君”提出了自己独到的看法，并且主张“严吏治、明法治”，体现了未来国家意识的萌芽。本文主要从君、臣、民三个不同的角度进行探究，理清船山政治哲学思想的主要脉络，并通过揭示其所处的时代背景、相关的学术著作以及探究这一思想的现实意义的角度对他的政治哲学思想进行完整的论述和说明。船山政治哲学思想不仅影响了近代一大批先进知识分子、对于民族觉醒起了巨大的推动作用，而且对于今天的社会主义和谐社会建设也有十分重要的指导意义。 关键词：王船山；政治哲学；尊君；重民 Respect Monarch and Pay Attention to People – The Talking of Wang Chuan shan’ s Political Philosophy ABSTRACT In Mr Wang Chuan shan’s grand thought system with all the life energy built, its political philosophy thought occupies very important position. In his respect king, pay attention to people as the core, he has reconsidered the relationship of three social main body monarch, minister, people, and have broken the traditional king people view, to set up his own unique political philosophy framework. Proposed his unique views for “respect the monarch”, and advocated strict management, instract rule of law , which reveals the sprout of future national consciousness. This article mainly from the monarch, minister, people, three different angles inquiry, clear political philosophy of chuan shan, and through the main context reveals its of age in the background, the relevant academic works and explores the thought of the realistic significance for his political philosophy Angle of thoughts on paper and instructions. The political philosophy of Chuan shan not only affect a large number of advanced modern intellectuals, for a national awareness up huge role, but also for todays socialistic harmonious society construction also has very important meaning. Keywords: Wang Chuan shan; Political Philosophy; Respect Monarch; Pay attention to People \ 目 录 1 引 言 3 2船山政治哲学思想产生的时代背景和思想来源 3 2.1明末清初的特殊时代背景 3 2.2忧国忧民的爱国情怀 4 2.3张载哲学对船山思想的影响 4 3船山政治哲学思想的理论体系 5 3.1政治哲学思想的表现——尊君与重民 5 3.1.1尊君思想的前提——“政治”的需要 5 3.1.2重民思想的实质——“即民以见天” 7 3.2“政治”的必要手段——“严以治吏”与“宽以养民” 8 3.2.1 治吏须严 9 3.2.2 宽以养民 9 3.2.3 先严上官 9 3.2.4 统一法制 10 4王船山政治哲学理论评析 11 4.1尊