基于单片机的智能交通灯控制系统的研究精要.docVIP

基于单片机的智能交通灯控制系统的研究 王建玲 （山东工商学院 信息与电子工程学院，山东 烟台 264005） 摘要：交通灯的智能控制是智能交通系统ITS 领域中的一个分支。随着城市化速度的加快,机动车日益普及,人们受到越来越多的交通拥堵的困扰。本论文主要对十字路口交通灯可根据车流量的大小而改变红绿灯的时长加以研究。本系统采用单片机作为中心控制器。在单片机最小系统的基础上扩展了数据存储器、程序存储器、I/O接口、A/D 转换器,使硬件电路能适应所完成的控制功能。该系统可控制红、绿、黄灯按时间依次变换,并有倒读秒功能。均采用 LED 显示器。在此基础上,通过传感器对车流量的情况进行数据采集。通过 A／D 转换将采集的数据传送还给控制中心,进行分析比较。根据比较的结果,将具体的车流量转换成两相位车流大小的比值。根据比值转换成对红绿灯时间的控制。使交通信号灯可根据车流量改变。提高了交叉口的通行效率。 关键词：智能交通;单片机;交通灯;控制器 The research of intelligent traffic light control system based on MCU Wang Jianling (Shandong Institute of Business and Technology School of information and Electronic Engineering , Shandong Yantai 264005) Abstract ： The intelligent control of traffic light is a branch in ITS of intelligent transportation system. As the accelerating of urbanization, motor vehicle is popularized day and day, there is a puzzles to people by traffic jam which is more and more serious. That according to the vehicle flow to changes swicthing time of red and green traffic light in crossroad is mainly studied in the article. The scm is used as center controller in the system. On the base of minimized scm system, data memory, program memory,I/O interface,A/D converter are extended in order to have hardware circuit achieves control function. The successively switch of red, green and yellow traffic light by time can be cotrolled and attached function is read the seconds. All of these adapted LED display. On this basis, data on amount of vehicle flow is collected by sensor. By A/D converting the collected datas are transmited to control center, analysed and compared. According to results,concrete vehicle flow will be converted into ratio of vehicle flow on both dircetion., based on which switch time of red and green traffic lights can be controlled. traffic efficiency can be increased. Key Words：intelligent; transportation; scm; traffic light; controller 1 引言 随着城市化速度的加快，机动车日益普及，人们在赚取由机动车辆所带来的巨额利润以及充分享受汽车巨大便利的同时，也越来越受到交通拥堵、交通事故频发、环境污染加剧和燃油损耗上升所带来的困扰。国内外城市中的交通阻塞主要发