直流电机转速控制器毕业论文要点解读.docVIP

摘 要 当今，自动化控制系统已经在各行各业得到了广泛的应用和发展，而直流驱动控制作为电气传动的主流在现代化生产中起着主要作用。长期以来，直流电机因其转速调节比较灵活，方法简单，易于大范围平滑调速，控制性能好等特点，一直在传动领域占有统治地位。它广泛应用于数控机床、工业机器人等工厂化设备中。随着现代化生产规模的不断扩大，各个行业对直流电机的需求愈益增大，并对其性能提出了更高的要求。为此，研究并制造高性能、高可靠性的直流电机控制系统有着十分重要的现实意义。 本设计通过PWM方式控制直流电机调速，采用了C语言来控制单片机产生PWM信号，将信号输入L298N芯片驱动电机，通过改变输入电压的占空比，从而实现直流电机速度的控制。 论文针对所设计的控制方案对控制系统的软、硬件设计作了详细论述。硬件部分先作了整体设计，然后介绍了以AT89S51单片机为核心的硬件构成，对调速电路、检测电路、显示电路等作了详细阐述；软件部分采用模块化设计思想，论述了软件的设计思想和方法；实现了对直流电机的快速启动和停止，电机转速的设置、调控和显示功能。利用AT89S51芯片进行低成本直流电动机控制系统的设计，能够简化系统构成、降低系统成本、增强系统性能、满足更多应用场合的需要。 关键词：单片机；PWM；直流电机；转速控制Abstract Nowadays, automatic control system has been widely used and greatly developed in all walks of life. As the dominant part of electric drive, direct current (DC) control plays an important role in modern production. For a long time, DC motors hold a dominant position in transmission field with the characteristics of more flexible and simple speed adjustment, smoothly timing in a large scale, and good control performance. DC motors are widely used in factory equipment of numerical control machine, industrial robot, etc. With the constant expansion of modern production, the demand for DC motors is increased and a higher request is put forward. Thus, it is of great practical significance to research and make a high performance and reliability DC motor control system. The design controls DC motors speed regulation through the method of PWM, uses C language to control the microcontroller and then generates PWM signals. It is to input the signals into L298N drive chip, by using the control method of changing the duty ratio of the input voltage, and then make the DC motor speed control come true. The paper makes a detailed discussion on software and hardware of controlling system on the basis of the designed control system. After a dissertation on the whole design of, hardware structure with AT89S51 microcontroller as the core is introduced, and then speed control circuit, detection circuit and display circuit are expounde