英美文学选读串讲.docVIP

需要掌握的重点：英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。Part one English Literature An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature 1. Social Background: (paragraph one) early inhabitants: Celts three conquests greatly affected English literature Romans conquests Anglo-Saxons: Germanic language and culture Norman: Mediterranean civilization Supplementary material: Anglo-Saxon is a general term that refers to the Germanic settlers who came to Britain during the 5th and 6th centuries. Anglo Saxon also refers to the language spoken at the time in England, which is now called Old English, and to the culture of the era, which has long attracted popular and scholarly attention. Anglo-Saxon language is the basis of Modern English The Norman conquest of England began on 28 September 1066 with the invasion of England by William, Duke of Normandy, who became known as William the Conqueror after his victory at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066, defeating the then king Harold II of England. By early 1071, William had secured control of most of England, although rebellions and resistance continued to approximately 1088. The Norman conquest was a pivotal event in English history. It largely removed the native ruling class, replacing it with a foreign, French-speaking monarchy, aristocracy, and clerical hierarchy. This, in turn, brought about a transformation of the English language and the culture of England in a new era. 2. Old English Literature Extends from 450 to 1066 Old English poems (paragraph two) religious group: biblical theme Example: The Dream of the Rood Supplementary material The Dream of the Rood is one of the earliest Christian poems in the corpus of Old English literature. Like most Old English poetry, it is written in alliterative verse. Rood is from the Old English rod pole, specifically crucifix 十字架. Preserved in the 10th century, the poem may be considerably older, ev