康复评定English马超分析.ppt

Rehabilitation assessment Machao Department of rehabilitation The second affiliated hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Ma_chao99@126.com Muscle strength Muscle power Muscle testing manual muscle testing, MMT Strength is graded on an ordinal scale from 0 to 5 0 no contraction 1 palpable contraction 2 movement without gravity 3 movement against gravity 4 movement against resistance lower than the resistance overcome by the healthy side 5 movement against resistance equal to the maximum resistance overcome by the healthy side 利用器械检查肌力 握力：用握力计测定 结果以握力指数判定 握力指数＝(握力(kg)/体重(kg))×100 利用器械检查肌力 捏力：用捏力计测定 用拇指分别与其它四指的指腹捏住捏力计 正常：30％握力 利用器械检查肌力 背肌力 用拉力计测背肌力 结果以拉力指数判定 拉力指数＝拉力(kg)体重(kg)×100 正常标准：男150～200，女100～150 isokinetic muscle testing Muscle tone testing 关节活动测量工具 电子量角器 其固定臂和移动臂由2个电子压力传感器构成，度数可以显示出来，重复性好，使用方便，精确度优于通用量角器。 小型半圆形量角器测量 直尺测量 手指外展或屈曲的距离 两脚分规测量 拇指外展即虎口开大程度 What is motion? Two types Translational Center of Mass A ball being thown Rotational Limbs A car tire spinning The focus for Range of motion testing is rotational motion Terms Pivot Point – The point that the joints rotate about. The fundamental movements are roll, slide, and spin. More Terms Motion – Either active or passive Active is the patients movement of his or her arm Passive is the examiners movement of the patient’s arm Extension – Natural movement opposite to flexion at the zero position. Hyperextension – Unnatural motion opposite to flexion at the zero position. Joints Junctions, or pivot points between two or more bones in the body. Movement of the body is mostly due to the motion of the joints. There are seven basic types of joints. Hinge Joint Pivot Joint Ellipsoid Joint Ball-and-Socket Joint Plane Joint Saddle Joint Condyloid Joint Range of Motion Testing ROM is a measure of joint flexibility by observing the number of degrees a joint can move through from a set neutral position. Goniometers are the measuring d