英语语法课件 不定式.ppt

object(宾语): 一些动词要用不定式作宾语, 常见的动词有want, hope, wish, ask, choose, decide, expect, manage, offer, promise, refuse, seek, try, pretend, learn, afford, need等。 He hoped/wished/expected to go abroad. He promised to buy me a computer. 一些动词要用wh-疑问词+不定式作宾语，常见的动词有decide, know, learn, wonder, understand, find out, remember, see等 what to do. how to do it. I don’t know who(m) to ask/invite. when to stop where to go. 不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在极少数介词如 ：but, except等后才行，此时不定式可带to 或不带to. We have no choice but to wait outside. They could do nothing but ask for help. adverbial(状语): (1) 表示目的【(not)to / (not)in order to / so as (not)to】 We eat to live and don’t live to eat. (2) 表示结果 (so/such…as to., enough to…, too…to…, only to 他这么傻竟相信了这事。 He was so foolish as to believe it. He was foolish enough to believe it. He is too young to join the army. 另外only常用在不定式的前面, 表示出人意料的结果,如: We arrived there only to find the train gone. He returned home only to find his house broken into. 不定式中作结果状语的注意点： 1）某些形容词在“too…to…”结构中表示肯定，这类词是： anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willing… She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. 2）在not, never, only, all, but等后的”too…to…”结构中，”too”的 含义为”very”，不定式没有否定含义。 I’m only too glad to stay at home. It’s never too old to learn. 注意: 不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有  动宾关系;如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需有适当的介词。 attribute(定语): 不定式及其短语作定语只能放在名词的后面,以下名词和句型常用不定式作定语,如: chance, way, opportunity, time, the first, the last, the second, the only等词后,在have to do和there be句型中。e.g. 没有人可以照看他. There is no one to take care of her. 只有五种式样可供选择. There are only five pairs to choose from. 不定式作独立成分。 To tell (you) the truth, he doesn’t agree with you. To begin with, Beijing is a very beautiful city. 6.I can’t imagine_____that with such a famous aut