欧洲文化入门第一章 Greek Culture and Roman Culture.pptVIP

Aristotle’s definition of “tragedy” in Poetics P28 “悲剧是对一个严肃、完整、有一定长度的行动的摹仿，它的媒介是经过‘装饰’的语言，以不同的形式分别被用于剧的不同部分，它的摹仿方式是借助人物的行动，而不是叙述，通过引发怜悯和恐惧使这些情感得到疏泄。所谓‘经过装饰的语言’，指包含节奏和音调[即唱段]的语言，所谓‘以不同的形式分别被用于不同的部分’，指剧的有些部分仅用格律文，而另一些部分则以唱段的形式组成。”——亚里士多德：《诗学》，陈中梅译，商务印书馆，2003。 d. Contending Schools of Thought Other philosophers Sophists—teachers of the art of arguing 诡辩家、智者 --Protagoras 普罗泰戈拉 Four schools of philosophers in the 4th century B.C. arguing with each other--the Cynics, the Sceptics, the Epicureans, and the Stoics Protagoras 普罗泰戈拉 “Man is the measure of all things: of things which are, that they are, and of things which are not, that they are not” “人是万物的尺度” e. Science Philosophers=scientists p30-31 Plato—mathematician; Aristotle—zoologist; Democritus—scientist-philosopher Euclid 欧几里德—Elements, geometry Archimedes 阿基米德 Applications of science Method of doing scientific work Limitations Euclid 欧几里德 The Father of Geometry Elements, a textbook of geometry Archimedes 阿基米德 Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.” 8. Art, architecture, sculpture and pottery a. Art—architecture, sculpture b. Architecture—temples, Parthenon Three styles-p32 The Acropolis at Athens c. Sculpture—development--p32-33 Discus Thrower, Venus, Laocoon d. Pottery Greek art 神殿柱廊 狮子门 哀伤的雅典娜 拉姆赛斯一世墓壁画 多立克柱式（Doric order） ——Parthenon 帕德农神庙 A temple of the Greek goddess Athena雅典娜 built in the 5th century BC on the Acropolis卫城 of Athens 帕德农神庙 Acropolis of Athens雅典卫城 爱奥尼克柱式（Ionic order）--伊瑞克提翁神庙（Erechtheion） 科林斯柱式(Corinthain order)--列雪格拉德音乐纪念亭 9. Impact Enduring excitement about classical Greek culture Rediscovery of Greek culture in the Renaissance Spirit of Innovation Supreme achievement Lasing effect Review Vocabulary Questions—p36 II. Roman Culture Romans and Greeks Roman history Latin literature Architecture, painting and sculpture 1. Romans and Greeks 146 BC, Roman conquest of Greece Languages of