2015中考语法复习-定语从句.docVIP

中考英语复习—定语从句，祈使句，感叹句用法 ★中考定语从句’t understand the words that he said （ ） I dindn’t understand what he said （ ） The man who lives next to us is a policeman. （ ） Could you tell me whether you go or not ? （ ） ★由以上题，你是怎么区别定语从句和状语从句的？ 二）知识概述 学好定语从句要牢记理解它的几个要素： 1）在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 定语从句放在先行词后面，定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 引导定语从句的词关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中一个成分先行词定语从句1．All my classmates enjoyed the cake that/which I made. 2．She was the teacher who taught us English Literature. 3．The girl who/whom/that you have just seen is very good at English. 4．I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. 5．Its a place that/which has big desks but no newspapers or magazines. [自我总结]　1.关系代词that或which指代 ，在从句中作made的宾语。 2．关系代词who指代the teacher，在从句中作 。 3．that，who，whom指人——the girl，whom是 形式，在从句中作see的宾语。 4．关系代词whose指代the girls，作 ，修饰name。 5．关系代词that或which指代place，在从句中作 。关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 The boys are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person you talked about. *关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 The man you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 Football is a game is liked by most boys. (在句子中做主语) This is the pen he bought yesterday. (在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 The people come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) Where is the man I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，….）也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. * whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book is yellow? ※特别提示： (1)不用that的情况 (a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 (错)The tree, that is four hundred years