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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech., 23, 439}449 (1999) SHORT COMMUNICATIONS ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF SLOPE STABILITY JINGGANG CAOs AND MUSHARRAF M. ZAMAN*t School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, U.S.A. SUMMARY An analytical method is presented for analysis of slope stability involving cohesive and non-cohesive soils.Earthquake effects are considered in an approximate manner in terms of seismic coe$cient-dependent forces. Two kinds of failure surfaces areconsidered in this study: a planar failure surface, and a circular failure surface. The proposed method can be viewed as an extension of the method of slices, but it provides a more accurate etreatment of the forces because they are represented in an integral form. The factor of safety is obtained by using the minimization technique rather than by a trial and error approach used commonly. The factors of safety obtained by the analytical method are found to be in good agreement with those determined by the local minimum factor-of-safety, Bishops, and the method of slices. The proposed method is straightforward, easy to use, and less time-consuming in locating the most critical slip surface and calculating the minimum factor of safety for a given slope. Copyright ( 1999) John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Key words: analytical method; slope stability; cohesive and non-cohesive soils; dynamic effect; planar failure surface; circular failure surface; minimization technique; factor-of-safety. INTRODUCTION One of the earliest analyses which is still used in many applications involving earth pressure was proposed by Coulomb in 1773. His solution approach for earth pressures against retaining walls used plane sliding surfaces, which was extended to analysis of slopes in 1820 by Francais. By about 1840, experience with cuttings and embankments for railways and canals in England and France began t