[参考]基于AT89S51的超声波测距系统的.docVIP

学号： 14082500075 毕业论文 题 目： 基于AT89S51的超声波测距系统的 设计与实现 作 者 向杰 届 别 2012 学 院 物理与电子学院 专 业 电子科学与技术 指导老师 梅孝安 职 称 副教授 完成时间 2012.05  摘要 超声波是指频率在20kHz以上的声波，它属于机械波的范畴。随着科技水平的不断提高，超声波测距技术被广泛应用于人们日常工作和生活之中。 本系统采用以AT8951单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路。 Abstract Ultrasonic, a sound wave with more than 20 kHz frequency, belongs to the category of mechanical wave. For the unceasing improvement of science and technology, ultrasonic ranging technology has been widely applied in people’s daily work and life. This system uses a low cost, high precision, miniaturization digital display ultrasonic rangefinder hardware circuit which centralized in single chip AT89S51.The whole circuit uses modular design and consists of the signal transmission and reception, power supply, temperature measurement, display module and so on. The ultrasonic transmits out after being amplified, and then the microcontroller starts its timers. When ultrasonic reflexly returns by the original road, it is received by microcomputer after getting through the link of amplification ,filtration and reshaping,so the counter stops working. Using the time times speed gets the measured distance. This system ,with DSl8b20 digital temperature sensor, can measure the temperature of the environment so to adjust the speed of the ultrasonic and make measuring results more accurate. The system抯 pracltical measuring error is less than 3% with rational and scientific hardware and software design. Keywords: AT89S51; Ultrasonic distance measure; DS18b20temperature measurement 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 1 1.2 超声波测距的原理概述 1 1.3 研究内容及论文结构 2 第二章 系统总体设计 4 2.1方案设计及论证 4 2.1.1 控制器的选择 4 2.1.2 超声波传感器选择 4 2.1.3 测温传感器选择 5 2.1.4 显示子系统选择 5 2.2 系统总体设计 5 第三章 系统硬件设计 7 3.1 单片机控制电路设计 7 3.2 超声波发射及接收电路设计 8 3.2.1 超声波发射电路的设计 8 3.2.2 超声波接收电路的设计 10 3.3 温度检测电路设计 10 3.4 LED数码管显示电路设计 11 3.5电源电路设计 12 第四章 系统软件设计 13 4.1 系统的算法设计 13 4.2 主程序设计 13 4