考研复习英语语法重点教程方案.docx

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT - 18 -  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT - 19 - 英语语法 七大句型：五个基本句型+it句型+There be句型 基本句型： ① 主系表结构：S主语+be 动词+Sc主语补足语（表语） 例： She is beautiful. We are friends. Many students are from Northeastern part of China. My present /current goal/target/aim/purpose/object is to pass the GCT/on-job postgraduate examination. （undergraduate本科生，doctor博士生） My job is to manage this company /firm/corporation/enterprise/group. ▲▲▲形容词，名词，介词短语，不定式都可以充当表语。 主系表结构：S主语+半系动词+Sc主语补足语（表语） 例：She becomes more and more beautiful. 半系动词：类似于be动词，后面直接接形容词或名词的动词 半系动词+adj /n ≈ be+adj（形容词）/n. 变化：become，come, go，grow(old) 保持：keep（fit） stay (healthy)，remain (unchanged ) 感官：taste (delicious)， look (beautiful, wonderful), sound(nice) 似乎：seem(reasonable, right),appear ②S+Vi（不及物动词）→主谓结构 例：Tom has come. ③ S+Vt（及物动词）+O（宾语）→主谓宾结构 ④ S(主语)+V(谓语)+O(宾语)+Oc(宾语补足语) 例：The news makes Bush so shocked.接形容词作宾补。 She always makes us happy.接形容词作宾补。 Mr. Zhang lets us read three passages every day.接不定式作宾补。 We elect Tom our monitor. 接名词作宾补。 ⑤ S(主语)+V（谓语）+Oi（间接宾语,通常是sb.）+Od（直接宾语） S(主语)+V（谓语）+Od（直接宾语）+to /for Oi（间接宾语） 例：Tom lent me a lot of money yesterday. Tom lent a lot of money to me yesterday. Tom repaired Mary the TV set yesterday.→Tom repaired the TV set for Mary yesterday. ⑥There be…存在，有（“有”： 有生命用have，无生命用there be） A. There be sb / sth in some place 例： There are 56 peoples in China. China has 56 peoples. 将China拟人化. ▲就近原则 There are many students and a leader in the classroom. There is a leader and many students in the classroom. B. There be sb/sth + to do / doing/ done in… 例：There are about five students /candidates to take part in the GCT examination of Beijing University. There are many tables used for students to take class in the room. C. There be 变化+in 方面 例：It is reported that there was a sharp drop/decrease in the price of houses in Guangzhou in the second quarter of the year. D.包装句 ——There can be no doubt that… 毋庸置疑 There is no deny