基于遗传算法的PID参数优化介绍.doc

辽宁科技大学本科生毕业设计(论文) 论文题目：基于遗传算法的PID参数优化 学生姓名： 曹 哲 _____ 学 院： 电子与信息工程学院 _ 班 级： 自动化2011-6 学 号： 120113104056 __ 指导教师： 吴 丽 娟 _____  基于遗传算法的PID参数优化 摘要 PID控制一直是工业生产过程中应用最为广泛而且最为成熟的一种控制，它以其算法简单、可靠性高、鲁棒性好等优点应用于工业控制领域。PID 控制器有三个参数：比例、积分和微分系数，当PID结构确定的情况下，这三个参数将会决定控制器的品质，参数的调节和优化至关重要。遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm , GA）源于生物系统的研究，而后由Holland 教授和学生创造出适合于复杂系统优化的自适应概率化技术，本文主要研究遗传算法的基本概念和原理，利用遗传算法对控制系统进行PID参数优化，遗传算法在优化的过程中，与常规方法相比更加便捷和迅速，整定的精度相对较高。最后通过MATLAB语言，对该系统进行了仿真，实验结果证明了遗传算法的动态特性和控制效果，证明其有效性与可靠性。 关键词： 遗传算法, PID控制器, 参数优化, 仿真 PID Parameters Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm Abstract PID control has been the most extensive and the most mature of a control in the process of application on the industrial production. It has a wide application in the field of industrial control because of its simple algorithm and , reliability and robustness. PID controller has three parameters: proportional, integral and differential coefficient, when to determine the structure of the PID, the three parameters will determine the controllers quality, and the parameter regulation and optimization will be very important. Genetic algorithm (GA) sources in the study of biological systems, and then professors Holland and his student created a technology which is suitable for the complex system optimization of adaptive probability. The basic concept and principle of the main purpose of this paper is to study the genetic algorithm and using the genetic algorithm to optimize the PID parameters of the control system. The genetic algorithm compared to the conventional methods is more convenient and quickly in the optimization process, also it’s tuning accuracy is relatively high. At last, the system is simulated by MATLAB, and the results prove the dynamic characteristic and control effect of the genetic algorithm, and prove its validity and reliability. Key words: Genetic algorithm；PID contr