主旨大意推断.pptVIP

主旨大意专题 阅读中主旨大意题的设题方式 第一步:识别文体,找主题句寻找主题句的方法 第二步: 推敲选项, 排除干扰 主题句的呈现形式：文首，文尾，文中，首尾呼应，无主题句 推理判断专题 一、题型特点与命题方式 二、解题思路与应试技巧 三、高考解读探析1：细节推断题 探析2：态度观点判断题 探析3：写作意图题 探析4：深层推理题 探析5：逻辑结论题 探析6：文章的题材或出处 探析7：预测推断题 小结: 推理判断类型题并非无章可循,而是有一定的规律.关键是按照作者陈述的观点和描述的事实,进行正确合乎逻辑地推论和引申.做到”有理有据”,从而得出符合原文信息或提示的答案. 二、解题思路与应试技巧 首先，考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。 其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。 再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。 高考解读 第一步:识别文体,找主题句 主题句一般具有三个特点： 1．表述的意思比较概括。 2．句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。 3．段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想。 Sample 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. （3）文中当主题句被安排在中间时, 通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展. Sample 4 (首段)Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career.“she said… (尾段)“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.” Shu said. （4）首尾呼应.为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式较为多见. 但前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。 Sample 5 （无主题句） Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. What is the main idea of the passage? 　　　　 A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student.　 C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good educa