Basic comparative genomics 比较基因组学应用.pptVIP

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Basic comparative genomics 比较基因组学应用.ppt

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zein, kafirin ?-, d-, b-, ?- RG* refers to Reference Genome aNumber of orthologous genes bNumber of collinear blocks cPercentage of genome coverage dNumber of paralogous genes eNumber of duplicated blocks fAsterisks for the wheat and barley genomes highlight the highly saturated gene-based genetic maps used in the analysis Ancestral grass karyotype AGK reconstruction Model for grass chromosome evolution and shuffling Summary Basic comparative genomics Gene finding Gene duplication Gene function Gene, gene family evolution Methylation epigenome Chromosome, genome evolution ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 谢谢！ Dividers between loci Picture reminding people about the loci A636 – culture is genotype specific Zein organization is not known; alleles are more conserved Tos17 is not endosperm – normal tc and endosperm tc * Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome P450 genes Sb08g019430 Sb08g019470 GRMZM2G132450 SiPROV007183m Cytochrome P450 Sequence alignment of orthologous regions of a1 prolamin genes in maize, sorghum, foxtail millet, brachypodium, rice Model for deletion of the a-prolamin founder gene D in Panicoideae s1C k1C k1C k1A z1C z1A Sequence alignment of orthologous regions of C and A types of prolamin genes in maize, sorghum, foxtail millet and rice 11.9 21.3 32.0 11.9 30.0 21.0 Estimation prolamin gene evolution time 1.24×10-8 1.30×10-8 9.0 3.0 16.2 14.4 3.2 adh 6.5×10-9 Oligocene 渐新世 C4 Xu, Bennetzen Messing 2011 Gene pedigree of a-prolamins in maize, sorghum, foxtail millet Where does Prolamin come from? Prolamin is only present in grasses Xu and Messing 2009 Sequence alignment of orthologous regions of HMW prolamins Shewry and Tatham 1990 Homologous regions in prolamins and other seed proteins a-globulin HMW-like Trypsin inhibitor Xu and Messing 2009 Phylogenetic analysis of HMW-like prolamins and related proteins Herman et al. 1999 PB-I PB-II Prolamin a-globulin A B C A B Kawagoe et al. 2005 Conceptual Diagram of the Ontogeny of PBs and PSVs A B C REB RISBZ1 Nakase