化学专业英语金属与非金属.docVIP

铅是银白色的金属（与锡比较，铅略带一点浅蓝色），十分柔软，用指甲便能在它的表面划出痕迹。用铅在纸上一划，会留下一条黑道道。在古代，人们曾用铅作笔。“铅笔”这名字，便是从这儿来的。铅很重，一立方米的铅重达11.3吨，古代欧洲的炼金家们便用旋转迟缓的土星来表示它，写作“h”。铅球那么沉，便是用铅做的。子弹的弹头也常灌有铅，因为如果太轻，在前进时受风力影响会改变方向。铅的熔点也很低，为327℃，放在煤球炉里，也会熔化成铅水。 Lead is a metal silver (compared with tin, lead a little light blue), very soft, with her nails can trace on its surface. Use the lead on a piece of paper, will leave a Mafia. In ancient times, people used lead as a pen. The name pencil, it is from here. Lead is heavy, weighing 11.3 tons, a cubic meters of lead of ancient European alchemy, with slow rotation of Saturn to represent it, writing h. Shot put so heavy, it is made of lead. Bullets warhead also often fill the lead, because if it is too light, affected by the wind changes direction in advance. Lead melting point is low, is 327 ℃, in the coal furnace, it can melt into the lead water. 化学性质 铅很容易生锈——氧化。铅经常是呈灰色的，就是由于它在空气中，很易被空气中的氧气氧化成灰黑色的氧化铅，使它的银白色的光泽渐渐变得暗淡无光。不过，这层氧化铅形成一层致密的薄膜，防止内部的铅进一步被氧化。也正因为这样，再加上铅的化学性质又比较稳定，因此铅不易被腐蚀。在化工厂里，常用铅来制造管道和反应罐。著名的制造硫酸的铅室法，便是因为在铅制的反应器中进行化学反应而得名的。Chemical properties Lead to rust, oxidation. Lead is often gray, because it is in the air, are easy to be oxidized to oxygen in the air film of lead oxide, make it silver sheen gradually become bleak. However, this lead oxide layer to form a layer of dense membrane, prevent the internal lead further oxidation. Also because of this, coupled with the chemical properties of lead and relatively stable, so the lead is not easy to corrode. In chemical factory, often use lead to make pipe and reaction tank. The famous manufacturing lead chamber process of sulfuric acid is in the lead the name for chemical reaction in the reactor. 中文名 金属铅 性????质 铅很容易生锈 重要用途 制造蓄电池 工业用途 阻挡X射线和放射性射线 Chinese name Metallic lead quality important USES lead to rust Manufacturing battery industrial use block X rays, and radioactive rays 氙（xiān）气是惰性气体中原子序数较大的元素（也就是较重的元素），原子半径较大。原子序数54，外围电子排布5s2 5p6，位于第五周期0族，原子共价半径209皮米，第一电离能1172kJ/mol。单质由单原子分子组成。稀有气体，无色、无臭、无味，密度5.887千克