数据模型与决策(运筹学)课后习题和案例答案014s.docVIP

CD Supplement to Chapter 14The Finite Queue and Finite Calling PopulationVariations of the M/M/s Model Review Questions 14s-1 When the system is full with K customers, any new arriving customers leave without entering the system. 14s-2 PK is the probability that the system is full and therefore the probability that an arriving customer is turned away. 14s-3 Average fraction of time that servers are busy = . 14s-4 The calling population for a queueing system is the population of all potential customers who might need to come to the system for service. A finite calling population is one that is small enough that the number of customers already in the queueing system affects the mean arrival rate of new customers. 14s-5 Upon completing service, the time until a member of the calling population needs service again has an exponential distribution with a mean of N/?. 14s-6 . 14s-7 Utilization of servers = . 14s-8 No, this approximation should not be used when ? is nearly 1 unless K or N is huge. Problems 14s.1 a) With 0 spaces, 42.9% of customers will be lost. b) With 2 spaces, 15.4% of customers will be lost. c) With 4 spaces, 7.2% of customers will be lost. 14s.2 a b) With space for 2 cars, 21.1% of customers will be lost, L = 0.74 cars, and W = 2.8 minutes. With space for 3 cars, 12.3% of customers will be lost, L = 1.02 cars, and W = 3.47 minutes. With space for 4 cars, 7.6% of customers will be lost, L = 1.24 cars, and W = 4.03 minutes. With space for 5 cars, 4.8% of customers will be lost, L = 1.42 cars, and W = 4.48 minutes. c) spaces rate customers are lost (Pk) change in Pk profit/hour ($4)(?)(1–Pk) change in profit/hour 2 0.21 $63.20 3 0.12 0.09 $70.40 $7.20 4 0.08 0.04 $73.60 $3.20 5 0.05 0.03 $76.00 $2.40 d) Since it cost $200 per month per car length rented, each additional space must bring at least $200 per month (or $1 per hour) in additional profit. Five spaces still bring more than that so 5 should be provided. 14s.3 a)