转向架重要承载结构电测试验并评价其动力学性能毕业论文报告.docx

大连交通大学2014届本科生毕业设计（论文）  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 34 摘 要 随着我国现代经济的高速发展,为提高铁路运输能力,货运列车一直在向“重载”方向发展。由于高速、重载,铁路车辆动负荷加剧,车体钢结构过早疲劳损坏现象不断发生。车辆关键部位疲劳开裂的主要原因为车辆振动造成的疲劳破坏,这就有必要考虑车辆运行过程中动力学问题。本文综述了国内外重载运输的发展现状,分析了国内外现有重载货车转向架的结构特点和性能,并以K6型转向架为研究对象，对其摇枕弹簧进行电测试验并以试验结果评价其动力学性能。试验分为空重车两种状态下有无摇枕弹簧作用四种情况，通过在车体上安装传感器接收电信号，并使用DH5922动态测试分析系统采集到各组加速度值。使用origin软件对所得结果进行处理，各组情况对比分析得到加速度时域分析图。最后，通过所得曲线的拟合，得到经验公式，可对不同速度下的加速度值进行预测。论文研究结果表明, 当车辆速度达到20km/h后，摇枕弹簧垂向减振效果明显。 关键词:重载货车转向架 车辆动力学试验 加速度  Abstract With the rapid development of Chinas modern economy, to improve the railway transport capacity, freight trains have been to heavy load direction. Due to the high-speed, heavy-duty, rail vehicles dynamic load increase, premature fatigue damage phenomenon of steel body continues to occur. Fatigue failure of key parts of vehicles mainly due to fatigue cracking caused by vehicle vibration, which is necessary to consider the problems of vehicle dynamics during vehicle operation. This paper reviews the current development of domestic and foreign heavy transport and analyzes the structural characteristics and performance of existing heavy-duty trucks’ bogie at home and abroad. With K6 bogie type for the study, do electrical testing experience for its bolster spring and use the results to evaluate its dynamic performance. The test is divided into two kinds，empty or heavy and whether the action of the bolster springs presence . Receive electrical signals by sensor mounted on the vehicle body and use dynamic testing and analysis system DH5922 collected acceleration values in each group. Origin software is used to deal with the results. Comparative analysis of the situation in each group get acceleration time-domain analysis chart. Finally, through the curve fitting, we get empirical formulas, which can predict acceleration value under different speeds. Thesis research results show that when the vehicle speed reaches 20km / h, bolster spring vertical damping effect is obvious. Key words: heavy duty