Causes f urbanisation1.docVIP

Urbanisation in MEDCs（经济发达国家的城市化） 陈洋 自动化1004 （全文翻译） Causes of urbanisation Urbanisation means an increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas. An urban area is a built-up area such as a town or city. A rural area is an area of countryside. 城市化是指。城市地区是一个人口密集的地方比如城镇或城市。 As a country industrialises, the number of people living in urban areas tends to increase. The UK and many other MEDCs urbanised during the 18th and 19th centuries. People migrated from rural areas (due to the mechanisation in farming) to urban areas where there was employment in the new factories. The area of cities known as the inner city developed during this time as rows of terraced housing were built for workers. 作为一个国家走向工业化,生活在城市地区的人口会增加。18、19世纪英国和其他许多城市化。人们从农村迁移(由于机械化耕作)到有新的就业工厂城市地区,。地区的城被称为内部城市这。 Today the UK is a mostly urban society, with 90% of the population living in towns or cities. 当今的英国有百分之就是的人口住在城市或者城镇，是世界上城镇化程度最高的国家。 On a global scale, urbanisation is taking place rapidly, particularly in LEDCs（在全球范围内，城镇化正在迅速的普及，特别是经济欠发达的国家） Although the UK is an urban society, more and more people are choosing to live on the edge of urban areas - with many relocating to the countryside. This is called counter-urbanisation. 尽管英国是一个城市的社会,越来越多的人选择住在城市的边缘许多迁乡下。这被称为反城市化。 Problems of urbanisation in the CBD – traffic congestion 城市化问题——交通拥堵 As more people move to the edge of towns and cities, traffic congestion may get worse. Many people will drive their cars into the city centre to get to work. 随着越来越多的人转移到城镇和城市的边缘,交通拥堵可能会变得更糟。许多人将驾驶自己的汽车到市中心去上班。 It is compounded by people being brought into city on large roads or motorways. （这句难懂）These roads then link up with smaller, older, narrower roads in the city centre. This causes a bottleneck and congestion. 它是加剧了人们被纳入城市大型公路或高速公路。在市中心这些道路然后联系更小、更旧、更窄的道路。这导致瓶颈和拥挤 Some cities have tried to manage this problem by introducing traffic management schemes. These schemes may include: · 1.Park a