Chapter段落翻译重点.pptx

Chapter 5 段落翻译;5.1 英汉段落比较?;;Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. First of all, gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. Therefore, it is suitable for jewelry, coins and ornamental purposes. Gold never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. For example, a Macedonian coin remains as untarnished today as the day it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. Another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness to industry and science. For many years, it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. The most recent use of gold is in astronauts suits. Astronauts wear gold-plated heat shields for protection outside the spaceship. In conclusion, gold is treasured not only for its beauty, but also for its utility.;自1840年鸦片战争使中国蒙受历史性屈辱以来，从林则徐、魏源、龚自珍到孙中山，历代志士仁人曾为中国的救亡和发展，前仆后继，英勇奋斗，但由于缺少科学理论的指导而饮恨九泉。实践告诉我们，在一个半殖民地半封建的中国，改良封建专制制度，不是出路；实行资本主义，亦非良策。在历史的比较中我们认识到，唯有马克思列宁主义，才能救中国。马克思列宁主义一经传入中国，中国人民就在精神上由被动转入主动，中国共产党才在马克思列宁主义和中国工人运动的结合中诞生并成为中国革命的领导力量，中国人民的民族解放和民族振兴才找到了正确的方向。从此，开始了马克思列宁主义在中国的实践和发展历程。 ? ?该汉语段落的中心思想就是：历史告诉我们，只有马克思列宁主义才能救中国。但这一主题的阐发方式却明显不同于英语论说文段落模式，它形散神聚，词句的随意自然流动、重文气（气韵）而轻文理（理则）、乃至断句不严等特点，均可在其中找到。?; 一个英文的意义大致可以分为三个互相制约的层次：词汇意义（Lexical Meaning）、语法关系（Grammatical Relation）及主题关系（ Thematic Relation）;例1：Phoebe Anna was thin and black, a very umbrella of a woman. 原译：安娜是一个又黑又瘦的女人，上身粗大，下身细长，简直像一把伞。 改译：安娜是一个又黑又瘦的女人，活像一把细长的伞。 例2：He married her in spite of her looks. 尽管她相貌差,他还是同她结婚了 ;例3：His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade. 他疲惫不堪,天气又越来越热,因此,他决定一遇到荫凉处便坐下来歇一歇。 例4：As a child I could never understand why grown-ups took dreaming so calmly when they could make such a fuss about any holiday. 孩提时,我琢磨 不透,为什么大人把梦看得那么平淡,而不论度什么节假日却又那么小题大做。;语序反映语言使用者的思维模式。对同一客观事物或事实，英汉有不同的语言表达顺序。翻译时，应考虑到汉语读者的思维习惯，适当地调整译文的词句顺序。 ;1.时空顺序调整;Learn from the past mistakes to avoid the future ones. Behind, I see no ancestors; Ahead, I find no followers. I think the worst proble