6CYJCellDivision论述.ppt

Telophase (cytokinesis)分裂末期 Nuclear envelope forms around both sets of chromosomes (two nuclei form) chromosome uncoils (chromosome appears as chromatin) Spindle Astral fibers completely disappear ,mitosis ends. Cytokinesis happens with most cells Cytoplasm organelles move (mostly equally) to either side of the cell.Cell Membrane moves inward to form 2 daugher cells——each with its own nucleus 特征：纺锤体消失，新的核仁核膜出现，染色体变成染色质 Animal Cell Plant Cell Animal Cytokineisis With animals, the membranes pinch together to form a Cleavage Furrow分裂沟, which eventually fuses to form two daughter cells 细胞膜从细胞的中部向内凹陷,最后把细胞缢裂成两个子细胞 Plant Cytokinesis With Plants, a cell wall must be formed between the 2 daughter cells. Vesicles containing Cellulose form and fuse between the tow daughter cells, eventually forming a complete cell wall. ,细胞板出现在原赤道板位置,由细胞中央向四周扩散形成新的细胞壁 Teacher notes This six-stage interactive animation shows how a cell divides by mitosis. Suitable prompts could include: Start: What type of cell might this represent? Stage 1: Where are chromosomes found? Stage 2: What must happen to chromosomes before the cell divides? Stage 3: How do the chromosomes get out of the nucleus? Stage 4: How are the chromosomes separated? Stage 5: What must happen after the chromosomes have been separated? Stage 6: How does each new cell compare with the original? Unit 6 Inheritance遗传 Chromosome and cell division 染色体和细胞分裂 Cell division Prokaryotes原核生物 Eukaryotes真核生物 Prokaryotic Cell divison Prokaryotic cell cycle 原核细胞周期 a relatively long period of growth prokaryotic fission 原核细胞的二分裂(or “splitting in two”) 1. Partition of DNA: Most prokaryotes: 1, circular chromosome1个环状DNA 2. Partition of Cytoplasm E. coli cell division How big is E. coli? DNA? 1-2 μm DNA: B form Diameter: 2 nm Basepair spacing: 0.34 nm One turn (10 baspair): 3.4 nm Even division ? Even division of DNA E. coli 1-2 μm DNA: 4.6 Megabase 4.6 Mb x 0.34nm =1.564mm Must be highly packed! 1. Circular DNA attach