history5.ppt

Section Five The English Civil War Background of the Civil War The Wars of the Roses---weakened the feudal noble class Peasant Uprising the Enclosures--- new working class (proletariat) The Reformation---deprived the church much of its land and wealth Discovery of the New World---developed its foreign trade and expansion James I James VI of Scotland succeed Elizabeth I and became James I of England. There appeared a temporary union of the two countries. Relations between the Puritans and the King deteriorated. Puritans purify the Church of England stop nominating church officials suspected the king a seceret Catholic King no bishop, no king pro-Spanish foreign policy his son’s Spanish marriage alliance Catholics opposed king’s staunch support of the Church of England The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 Radical Catholics placed gunpowder in a cellar of the Parliament House Guy Fawkes November 5---night bonfire festival Remind the danger of Catholic restoration James I (the wisest fool) Defender of the Church of England A new translation of the Bible into English (James Version 1611) Nonconformists不信奉国教 sailed to America 1620 by Mayflower Divine Right of Kings天赋神权 Charles I (1625-1649) James I died in 1625 Charles I (son of James I) became the king Charles I thought of his rule as God-given Followed a pro-Catholicism policy, opposed by the Puritans Puritanism vs Roman Catholisim Puritanism Became a mass movenment noted for simple dress, high moral standards and very egalitarian平等 attitudes. The first Parliament 1625 Vote the king the import duties One year not for life Dissolved parliament Another parliament 1628 Shortage of money Forced to accept the Petition of Rights (Second Magna Catar) The Short Parliament 1640 To raise money for a sudden war