非谓语动词语法专练.docVIP

语法专练----非谓语动词 出题人：张莉 审核人： 日期：2011-10-15 课前预习案： (2011．山东）Look over there-there’s a very long, winding path _______up to the house. A. leading B.leads C.led D.to lead 非谓语动词的用法是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点，切不可记住几个条条框框就去乱套。真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识： 具有句子结构的知识，要分清简单句与复合句，陈述句与祈使句； 具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分清双宾语与复合宾语； 具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分清及物动词和不及物动词，双宾动词和复宾动词。一些最基础最常用的动词的用法应烂熟于心； 具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析30词左右长度的复合长难句。 非谓语动词的句法功能（请在相应格子中划√） 　 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾(主)补 状语 to do 　 　 　 　 　 　 doing 　 　 　 　 　 　 done 　 　 　 　 　 　 分析下列句子中非谓语动词的句法功能： All these gifts must be mailed immediately to be received in time for Christmas. Making the right decisions concerning the future is probably the most important thing we’ll ever do in our lives. Mrs Murphy had an accident driving to work and was badly injured. In the United States, 40 % of the toys sold are designed for adults. Please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete stop. It’s difficult to imagine his accepting the decision without any consideration. They went back home, leaving the work unfinished. She was heard crying in the room. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. 课内探究案： 非谓语动词不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词主要有to do（不定式）, doing（动名词和现在分词）, done（过去分词）三种形式。 非谓语动词的时态和语态 不定式的时态和语态 主动式 被动式 一般时 完成时 进行时 完成进行 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing to be done to have been done 2. doing的时态和语态 主动式 被动式 一般时 完成时 doing having done being done having been done 二、非谓语动词作主语 不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语代替，而把不定式放到句末，使句子平衡。-ing（动名词）作主语，常表一般性的事实、概念、习惯或者经验，有时也用it作形式主语而把-ing形式置于句末。如： It is no use/good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It is fun playing with children. There is no joking about such matters. 这种事情开不得玩笑。 Eg：1. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______ the answers ready will be of great help. ATo have had BHaving had CHave DHaving 若主语与表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致。如： Seeing is believing.(=To see is to believe.) 眼见为实。 三、非谓语动词作宾语 1.下列动词只能跟不定式作宾语： 决心学会想希望，拒绝