BEC翻译 文档.doc

Bose-Einstein Condensation of 84Sr Y. N. Martinez de Escobar, P.G. Mickelson, M. Yan, B. J. DeSalvo, S. B. Nagel, and T. C. Killian Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Houston, Texas 77251, USA (Received 15 October 2009; published 9 November 2009) We report Bose-Einstein condensation of 84Sr in an optical dipole trap. Efficient laser cooling on the narrow intercombination line and an ideal s-wave scattering length allow the creation of large condensates(No_ 3 _ 105) even though the natural abundance of this isotope is only 0.6%. Condensation is heraldedby the emergence of a low-velocity component in time-of-flight images. 我们报告一光偶极陷阱玻色爱因斯坦凝聚的84Sr。激光冷却的高效狭窄的相互组合线和一个理想的s波散射长度允许创造大量的凝聚（数量约为300000），即使在这种同位素天然丰度只有0.6％。凝结预示由低向速度分量的时间出现的飞行图像。 The study of quantum degenerate gases continues to be at the forefront of research in atomic and condensed matter physics nearly 15 years after the first observation of Bose- Einstein condensation [1–3]. Current areas of focus include the behavior of quantum fluids in optical lattices [4], effects of dimensionality [5] and disorder [6,7], exploration of the BEC-BCS crossover regime [8], and the pursuit of quantum degenerate molecular systems [9] 研究简并的量子气体继续在研究原子和凝聚态前沿物理近15年后，首次观察到玻色，爱因斯坦凝聚[1-3]。当前的重点领域包括；在光晶格量子流体行为[4]维数的影响[5]和障碍[6,7]，勘探在BEC与 BCS的交叉体制的转换 [8]，与追求简并量子分子系统[9] 。Quantum degeneracy in alkaline earth metal atoms and atoms with similar electron structure has become another area of intense activity. These systems have been the subject of many recent theoretical proposals for quantum computing in optical lattices and creation of novel quantum fluids. They possess interesting and useful collisional properties, such as a wealth of isotopes that allow mass tuning of interactions and creation of various quantum mixtures. Low-loss optical Feshbach resonances in these atoms promise new opportunities because they enable changing the atomic scattering lengths on small spatial and temporal scales. This can lead to cr