2016高考英语二轮复习第二部分专题十三构词法(词类转换)解释.ppt

专 题 探 究 考 点 突 破 ⊙怎么考 词语的派生是语法填空题的必考点之一，考查考生在理解上下语境的基础上，由所给词派生出其他词来。通常涉及形容词与副词之间的转换；动词(或名词)加后缀变成形容词的转换；动词加后缀变成名词的转换；形容词加后缀变成名词的转换；动词加后缀变成“人”的名词转换；加否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀的转换等。 ⊙怎么学 在平时的学习中，注意积累常用后缀及前缀的用法，同时积累常用词的转化。 ⊙怎么解 首先要分析句子结构，看空格处要填的词在句子中充当什么成分；然后回顾思考充当这一成分需要哪类词，再看括号中所给词是什么词类，应如何将其转换成所需词类。 Ⅰ.语境感悟 根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空，然后朗读或背诵短文，体会各种前缀、后缀等派生词的用法。 John and his father never made an __1__ (agree) on one thing，so they often __2__ (approve) of each other，for there was some misunderstanding between them.Once on a __3__ (sun) day，John and his parents went to dinner at his aunts __4__(invite).On their __5__ (arrive)，John didnt say “hello” for __6__(fear).When they left after dinner，John said “Bye-bye！” to his aunt in a low voice.However，his father didnt hear it.He thought John was __7__ (polite)，and __8__ (behave) himself，without saying goodbye.From then on，Johns father made complaints __9__ (continue)，and John was __10__ (friend) to his father，and didnt back him，which made his father extremely unhappy.Undoubtedly, it is unwise of John to do so.After all，they are father and son.His father sent him to a class of manners to __11__ (rich) his knowledge of manners，which his father believed would enable him to be a good-mannered boy.Johns father said he was __12__ (anger) at his sons __13__ (honest)，which would __14__ (certain) endanger his future.His fathers __15__ (stop) nonsense caused John much discomfort.John had to go to the class.Later on，he did everything against his fathers will. 答案 1.agreement　[动词加后缀变成名词，作动词宾语。] 2.disapproved　[加否定前缀，词性不变，在句中作谓语。] 3.sunny　[名词加后缀变成形容词，在句中作定语。] 4.invitation　[动词加后缀变成名词，作介词宾语。] 5.arrival　[动词加后缀变成名词，作介词宾语。] 6.fear　[for fear由于害怕。] 7.impolite　[形容词加否定前缀，词性不变，作表语。] 8.misbehaved　[动词加否定前缀，词性不变，作谓语。] 9.continuously　[由动词变成形容词，再加后缀变成副词，常作状语。] 10.unfriendly　[名词同时加前缀与后缀，变成其他词性、词义。] 11.enrich　[形容词加前缀，变成动词，作谓语。] 12.angry　[名词加后缀变成形容词，作表语。] 13.dishonesty　[名词同时加前缀与后缀，派生其它词性、词义。] 14.certainly　[形容词加后缀变成副词，作状语等。] 15.nonstop　[动词加否定前缀，词性常不变化。