高二英语Unit7Living with disease知识点总复习教案.docVIP

高二英语Unit7 Living with disease知识点总复习教案 Section I 课前准备、听力、口语1. I can become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, sitting in a bath.在游泳池里游泳、浴缸里洗澡我会感染艾滋病毒。‘AIDS QUIZ’ No.2) 1) infect (1) infect vt.“传染，感染”，常与with连用。如： The patient infected me with a bad cold. 这病人把重感冒传染给了我。 He infected his wound with disease germs. 他的伤口感染了病菌。 (2) 被动语态be infected with后接“疾病”时，表示“被……感染”；后接“某种思想”时，表示“被…“影响，感化”。如： The children were an infected with malaria. 孩子们都感染了疟疾。 Be careful not to be infected with flu. 小心别传染上流感。 When he was in prison, he was infected with all sorts of antisocial ideas. 他在狱中受到各种反动思想的影响。 【拓展】infect sb. with...传染给某人……be infected with...被传染上……an infected area污染地区infect sb. with a theory用理论影响 2) by (1) prep. 表示行为的主语，表示方法、手段或所用的工具，后面可以接动名词作宾语。如： He makes a living by begging from door to door. 他靠挨门挨户乞讨为生。 A blind man can know what something is like by feeling and touching. 盲人可以通过触摸来 了解某些东西的样子。 You can make that kind 0f cake by mixing eggs and flour. 把鸡蛋和面粉混合，你就可以做出那种蛋糕。(2) 也可用来引导时间状语，意为“到……时候为止…”“在……时候之前”，句中谓语动词用完成时态。如引导的是过去时间状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；如引导的是将来时间状语，则用将来完成时。如： By the end of last year, we had learned 1,000 English words.到去年年底为止，我们已学会了1,000个英语单词。 By next Friday, I shall have finished the work. 到下周五，我将完成这项工作。 Surely Robert must have returned by now. 现在罗伯特肯定已经回来了。【注意】当谓语动词由be来充当时，多用一般时态。如：By then he was more than fifty years of age. 到那时，他已经五十多岁了。 【拓展】by accident = by chance偶然地by means of借助靠by no means绝不，决不take...by surprise出其不意by oneself单独，独立地by the way顺便说learn...by heart记熟by turns轮流by then到那时one by one一个一个地little by little一点一点地by and by不久，过一会儿by mistake由于疏忽side by side肩并肩by far...得多 【辨析】by；with；in by通常表示方法或手段，也可以接动名词表示某种手段；with表示使用具体的工具；in表示所用的原料、材料或途径。如： The street is lighted by electricity. 街道用电照明。 She saw a strange bird with her own eyes. 她亲眼见到一只怪鸟。 I filled in an application form in ink. 我用墨水填写的申请表。 I paid the bill in cash. 我用现金结的账。 【比较】He likes to write articles in pen／pencil. He likes to write articles with a pen／pencil. 【注意】在被动语态中，行为者若是无生命的，用by或with均可。如； The fields are