机械手-壁面清洗机器人机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘 要 壁面清洗机器人是一个实用性很强的装置。自从本世纪六十年代以来，爬壁机器人及其相关技术受到人们的广泛关注，但是，大都是进行了一些试验性质的研究，其相关的理论分析尚不成熟。作为清洗用的爬壁机器人来说，其清洗工作具有简单、重复的特点，比较适合机器人自主工作，壁面清洗机器人是以清洗高层建筑为目的的壁面移动机器人，它的出现将极大降低高层建筑的清洗成本，改善工人的劳动环境，提高生产率，也必将极大地推动清洗业的发展，带来相当的社会效益和经济效益。因此，壁面清洗机器人有着良好的应用前景。 本文首先对壁面清洗机器人这个课题的来源、目的及意义进行了阐述，简单介绍了国内外壁面清洗机器人的发展情况，对壁面清洗机器人的几种不同的移动方式及吸附方式进行了比较，最后采用了多吸盘的框架式结构，具有结构简单、操作方便等优点。接着对壁面清洗机器人的总体方案进行了设计，设计了行走机构以及转向机构，通过平动气缸与腿部气缸来实现机器人的移动，并且通过对壁面吸附可靠性的分析选择了吸盘、吸盘支座及快拧接头等部件，还对其它的气动元件进行了选型，并且绘制了气压系统图。最后对壁面清洗机器人的控制系统进行了设计，采用了三菱的FX系列可编程控制器进行控制，并对可编程控制器的结构特点及工作原理进行了简单的介绍，然后分析了本设计中壁面清洗机器人的工作过程，对可编程控制器的输入输出端口进行了分配，并且编写了程序的梯形图。 关键词：壁面清洗机器人，多吸盘的框架式结构，行走机构，转向机构，壁面吸附可靠性，可编程控制器 ABSTRACT Wall-cleaning robot is a very practical device.Since the sixties of this century,the climbing robot and related technology have greatly provoked word wide attention.But most of them are carried out some pilot studies,the relevant theoretical analysis is not yet mature.Used as a cleaning climbing robot,its cleaning is simple and repetitive,and to compare autonomous robots for work.Wall-cleaning robot is cleaning high-rise building wall for the purpose of mobile robot,its appearance would be extremely reduce the cost of cleaning high-rise buildings,improve the working environment of workers and increase productivity.It will also greatly promote the cleaning industry, bringing considerable social and economic benefits.Therefore,the wall-cleaning robot has a good prospect. This article first wall-cleaning robot from the subject,purpose and meaning is described,briefly introduced the development of domestic and international situation wall-cleaning robot for wall-cleaning robot moving in several different ways and adsorption compared.Finally,using the framework of multi-suction-type structure,with simple and convenient operation.Then on the wall-cleaning robot has been designed overall program designed to walk institutions and steering mechanism,through the translation cylinder and cylinder to achieve the robot’s legs