基于hypermesh的纯电动客车全承载式车身有限元分析.doc

摘要 近些年来面对世界性问题-石油资源减少引起的能源危机，21世纪诞生了新型绿色环保汽车，纯电动客车。电动客车最大的好处在于使用了可再生能源-电能,减少了对石油的依赖。它在行驶运行过程中，很少产生含氮化合物，更加环保。 对于以前传统的非新能源汽车来说一般，整备质量越大，油耗越高。同样对于纯电动客车而言，整备质量越大，耗电量则越高，当电池电量一定时，行驶里程会越短。在纯电动客车上，车身骨架的质量占整车总质量的相对较大，如果可以减少车架的质量，电动客车的行驶能力会有所提升。如何对纯电动客车进行减重，需要有限元分析的理论依据和数据支持。通过有限元软件对全承载式车身结构分析得出结果准确性较高，是客车研发过程中的重要手段之一。 本文的研究对象是东风旅行车公司新能源事业部制造的EQ6120纯电动客车的全承载式车身。第一步是将公司提供的CAD二维图纸用CATIA软件建立车身骨架三维几何模型。第二步是将建立的三维几何模型转化成有限元可操作的文件导入Hypermesh中进行相应处理，建立纯电动客车车身骨架的有限元模型。第三步是通过Optistruct计算不同工况下车身骨架应力和位移情况，以校核强度和刚度。第四步是通过Optistruct计算自由模态，以得到纯电动车身骨架的各阶频率值和振型图，最后对比结果数据进行模态分析。第五步是将计算结果导入Hyperview中进行结果观察与分析，得出想要的数据，验证纯电动客车全承载式车身骨架的设计是合理可行的，并且文中得出的图表、数据和结论可以为纯电动客车车身骨架的优化提供依据和参考。 关键词：纯电动客车；全承载式车身；有限元分析；静力分析；模态分析 Abstract In recent years in the face of the world oil resources to reduce induced energy crisis, 21st century saw the birth of new green cars, pure electric buses.?The biggest advantage of electric buses is that using renewable energy - power can reduce dependence on oil..?It is in the running process, produces few nitrogen-containing compounds, more environmentally friendly. For the car, kerbed mass is larger, higher fuel consumption.?Also for pure electric bus, kerbed mass is heavier, power consumption is larger, under certain conditions, the battery, mileage will be very short.?In the pure electric bus, body frame quality accounted for vehicle total mass of relatively large, if can reduce the frame of quality and endurance of electric vehicles will be improved.?How to weight loss for pure electric passenger car, the theoretical basis and data support for the finite element analysis.?By the finite element software for the unitized body structure analysis results of higher accuracy, is the development process of the bus is one of the important means. The research object of this paper is the Dongfeng travel company of car of new energy industry manufacturing EQ6120 of pure electric bus full bearing type body frame.?The first step is to provide the company with the CAD 2D drawings