离心机机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘要 离心机是利用离心力，分离液体与固体颗粒或液体与液体的混合物中各组分的机械。 　　离心机主要用于将悬浮液中的固体颗粒与液体分开；或将乳浊液中两种密度不同，又互不相溶的液体分开(例如从牛奶中分离出奶油)；它也可用于排除湿固体中的液体，例如用洗衣机甩干湿衣服；特殊的超速管式分离机还可分离不同密度的气体混合物；利用不同密度或粒度的固体颗粒在液体中沉降速度不同的特点，有的沉降离心机还可对固体颗粒按密度或粒度进行分级。 　离心机大量应用于化工、石油、食品、制药、选矿、煤炭、水处理和船舶等部门。 　 中国古代，人们用绳索的一端系住陶罐，手握绳索的另一端，旋转甩动陶罐，产生离心力挤压出陶罐中蜂蜜，这就是离心分离原理的早期应用。 　 　 工业离心机诞生于欧洲，比如19世纪中叶，先后出现纺织品脱水用的三足式离心机，和制糖厂分离结晶 砂糖用的上悬式离心机。这些最早的离心机都是间歇操作和人工排渣的。 　 　由于卸渣机构的改进，20世纪30年代出现了连续操作的离心机，间歇操作离心机也因实现了自动控制而得到发展。 【关键词】 离心机 电机驱动 管式高速 离心沉降 Abstract Centrifugal separation, centrifuge is using liquid and solid particles or liquid and liquid mixture of mechanical components. The centrifuge is mainly used for solid particles and will suspension liquid separated, In the emulsion or two different from each other, the liquid phase dissolved apart from milk (such as isolated cream), It can also be used to eliminate the liquid, such as wet solid with wet clothes washing machine, Special speeding tubular centrifuges are separable different density of the gas mixture, Use different density and particle size of solid particles in the liquid settling velocity different characteristics, but also on the settlement of centrifuge solid particles by density or selecting.and. A centrifuge used in chemical, petroleum, food, pharmaceutical, dressing, coal, water treatment and shipping department. In ancient China, people use rope tied at the end of the clay, the other end of the rope hand, rotate, rotating centrifugal extruded clay POTS of honey, this is the principle of centrifugal separation of early. Born in Europe industrial centrifuge, such as the middle of the 19th century, successively appeared three feet in textile dewatering centrifuge, and billows of the separation of sugar in the floating.the centrifuge. The earliest centrifuge is intermittent operation and artificial slag discharge. Slag discharge due to the improvement of the organization, the 1930s appeared continuous operation of centrifuge, intermittent operation